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Peter
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Boyd’s Bible Dictionary
:
(stone,
rock
).
Simon
, or
Simeon
;
son
of
Jonas
(
Matt. 16:17
17
And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-jona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven. (Matthew 16:17)
;
Acts 15:14
14
Simeon hath declared how God at the first did visit the Gentiles, to take out of them a people for his name. (Acts 15:14)
). A fisherman, resident at
Capernaum
(
Matt. 8:14
14
And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, he saw his wife's mother laid, and sick of a fever. (Matthew 8:14)
); called (
Matt. 4:18-20
18
And Jesus, walking by the sea of Galilee, saw two brethren, Simon called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers.
19
And he saith unto them, Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men.
20
And they straightway left their nets, and followed him. (Matthew 4:18‑20)
); name changed to
Peter
(
John 1:42
42
And he brought him to Jesus. And when Jesus beheld him, he said, Thou art Simon the son of Jona: thou shalt be called Cephas, which is by interpretation, A stone. (John 1:42)
). Founder of
Christian
Church
among the Jews (Acts 2); spokesman of the apostles (Acts 10);
author
of two
epistles
; a probable
martyr
at
Rome
. His first epistle is dated from
Babylon
; his second is his valedictory. Both are advisory and exhortatory.
Concise Bible Dictionary
:
The
son
of
Jonas
and one of the
twelve
apostles. His name was originally
Simon
, and apparently at his first interview with the
Lord
he received from Him the
surname
CEPHAS
. This is an
Aramaic
word, the same as Peter in
Greek
, both signifying “a stone” (
John 1:42
42
And he brought him to Jesus. And when Jesus beheld him, he said, Thou art Simon the son of Jona: thou shalt be called Cephas, which is by interpretation, A stone. (John 1:42)
). (In
Acts 10:5
5
And now send men to Joppa, and call for one Simon, whose surname is Peter: (Acts 10:5)
he is called “Simon, whose surname is Peter.”) The next notice of Peter is in Luke 5 when he was called to the apostleship. Overpowered at the draft of fishes, he exclaimed, “Depart from me; for I am a sinful
man
, O Lord”; but at the bidding of Christ he forsook all and followed Him (
Matt. 4:18
18
And Jesus, walking by the sea of Galilee, saw two brethren, Simon called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers. (Matthew 4:18)
;
Mark 1:16-17
16
Now as he walked by the sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and Andrew his brother casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers.
17
And Jesus said unto them, Come ye after me, and I will make you to become fishers of men. (Mark 1:16‑17)
;
Luke 5:3-11
3
And he entered into one of the ships, which was Simon's, and prayed him that he would thrust out a little from the land. And he sat down, and taught the people out of the ship.
4
Now when he had left speaking, he said unto Simon, Launch out into the deep, and let down your nets for a draught.
5
And Simon answering said unto him, Master, we have toiled all the night, and have taken nothing: nevertheless at thy word I will let down the net.
6
And when they had this done, they inclosed a great multitude of fishes: and their net brake.
7
And they beckoned unto their partners, which were in the other ship, that they should come and help them. And they came, and filled both the ships, so that they began to sink.
8
When Simon Peter saw it, he fell down at Jesus' knees, saying, Depart from me; for I am a sinful man, O Lord.
9
For he was astonished, and all that were with him, at the draught of the fishes which they had taken:
10
And so was also James, and John, the sons of Zebedee, which were partners with Simon. And Jesus said unto Simon, Fear not; from henceforth thou shalt catch men.
11
And when they had brought their ships to land, they forsook all, and followed him. (Luke 5:3‑11)
).
He had a sort of prominence among the apostles: when a few of them were selected for any special occasion, Peter was always one of them, and is named first. The
three
names
“Peter, James, and John” occur often together, still we do not read of Peter having any
authority
over the others: (compare
Matt. 20:25-28
25
But Jesus called them unto him, and said, Ye know that the princes of the Gentiles exercise dominion over them, and they that are great exercise authority upon them.
26
But it shall not be so among you: but whosoever will be great among you, let him be your minister;
27
And whosoever will be chief among you, let him be your servant:
28
Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many. (Matthew 20:25‑28)
). Peter was in character energetic and impulsive: he wanted to walk on the water to go to Christ, and his strong affection for the Lord led him to oppose when the Lord spoke of His coming sufferings, for which he was rebuked as presenting
Satan
’s mind. His self-
confidence
led him into a path of
temptation
, in which he thrice denied his Lord. But the Lord had prayed for him that his
faith
should not fail, and his
repentance
was real and
instant
. He was fully restored by the Lord, who significantly demanded thrice if he loved Him, and then committed to him the care of His
sheep
and His lambs (John 21).
When Peter confessed to
Jesus
, “Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living
God
,” the Lord said that He would build His
church
upon that foundation, and added, “I will give unto thee the keys of the
kingdom
of
heaven
,” with
assurance
that what he bound or loosed on
earth
would be ratified in heaven (Matt. 16). On the
day
of
Pentecost
we find Peter accordingly using these keys, and opening to three thousand Jews the doors of the kingdom. He afterward admitted
Gentiles
in the person of
Cornelius
and those that were gathered with him.
Peter was the
apostle
of the
circumcision
, as
Paul
was of the Gentiles, and was a long
time
getting entirely clear of Jewish prejudices. Paul had to withstand him to the face at Antioch, for refusing under Jewish influence to continue
eating
with Gentiles. On the other hand, Peter, while confessing that in some of Paul’s writings there were things hard to be understood, recognizes them as
scripture
.
In the
beginning
of the Acts Peter’s boldness in
testimony
is conspicuous. He was leaning on One stronger than himself and was carried on by the
power
of
the
Holy
Spirit
. He was miraculously delivered out of
prison
. The Lord had intimated to him that he would die the
death
of a
martyr
(
John 21:19
19
This spake he, signifying by what death he should glorify God. And when he had spoken this, he saith unto him, Follow me. (John 21:19)
), and historians relate that he was crucified, and with his
head
downward by his own request: they also state that his wife died with him. He was the writer of the two
epistles
bearing his name.
Jackson’s
Dictionary of Scripture Proper Names
:
a stone
Related Books and Articles:
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From:
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Narrator:
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Duration:
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Collected Writings of J.N. Darby: Practical 1
Sifted as Wheat
From:
Christian Truth: Volume 18
Call: 1-630-543-1441
“Study to show thyself approved unto God, … rightly dividing the word of truth” (2 Timothy 2:15).
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