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1 Peter 1

1 Peter 1:2 KJV (With Strong’s)

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2
Electc according to
kata (Greek #2596)
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
KJV usage: about, according as (to), after, against, (when they were) X alone, among, and, X apart, (even, like) as (concerning, pertaining to touching), X aside, at, before, beyond, by, to the charge of, (charita-)bly, concerning, + covered, (dai-)ly, down, every, (+ far more) exceeding, X more excellent, for, from ... to, godly, in(-asmuch, divers, every, -to, respect of), ... by, after the manner of, + by any means, beyond (out of) measure, X mightily, more, X natural, of (up-)on (X part), out (of every), over against, (+ your) X own, + particularly, so, through(-oughout, -oughout every), thus, (un-)to(-gether, -ward), X uttermost, where(-by), with. In composition it retains many of these applications, and frequently denotes opposition, distribution, or intensity.
Pronounce: kat-ah'
Origin: a primary particle
the foreknowledge
prognosis (Greek #4268)
forethought
KJV usage: foreknowled ge.
Pronounce: prog'-no-sis
Origin: from 4267
d of God
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
the Father
pater (Greek #3962)
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
KJV usage: father, parent.
Pronounce: pat-ayr'
Origin: apparently a primary word
, through
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
sanctification
hagiasmos (Greek #38)
properly, purification, i.e. (the state) purity; concretely (by Hebraism) a purifier
KJV usage: holiness, sanctification.
Pronounce: hag-ee-as-mos'
Origin: from 37
e of the Spirit
pneuma (Greek #4151)
a current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit
KJV usage: ghost, life, spirit(-ual, -ually), mind. Compare 5590.
Pronounce: pnyoo'-mah
Origin: from 4154
, unto
eis (Greek #1519)
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
KJV usage: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
Pronounce: ice
Origin: a primary preposition
f obedience
hupakoe (Greek #5218)
attentive hearkening, i.e. (by implication) compliance or submission
KJV usage: obedience, (make) obedient, obey(-ing).
Pronounce: hoop-ak-o-ay'
Origin: from 5219
and
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
sprinkling
rhantismos (Greek #4473)
aspersion (ceremonially or figuratively)
KJV usage: sprinkling.
Pronounce: hran-tis-mos'
Origin: from 4472
g of the blood
haima (Greek #129)
blood, literally (of men or animals), figuratively (the juice of grapes) or specially (the atoning blood of Christ); by implication, bloodshed, also kindred
KJV usage: blood.
Pronounce: hah'-ee-mah
Origin: of uncertain derivation
of Jesus
Iesous (Greek #2424)
Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
KJV usage: Jesus.
Pronounce: ee-ay-sooce'
Origin: of Hebrew origin (03091)
Christ
Christos (Greek #5547)
anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus
KJV usage: Christ.
Pronounce: khris-tos'
Origin: from 5548
: Grace
charis (Greek #5485)
graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart, and its reflection in the life; including gratitude)
KJV usage: acceptable, benefit, favour, gift, grace(- ious), joy, liberality, pleasure, thank(-s, -worthy).
Pronounce: khar'-ece
Origin: from 5463
unto you
humin (Greek #5213)
to (with or by) you
KJV usage: ye, you, your(-selves).
Pronounce: hoo-min'
Origin: irregular dative case of 5210
, and
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
peace
eirene (Greek #1515)
peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity
KJV usage: one, peace, quietness, rest, + set at one again.
Pronounce: i-ray'-nay
Origin: probably from a primary verb εἴρω (to join)
, be multiplied
plethuno (Greek #4129)
to increase (transitively or intransitively)
KJV usage: abound, multiply.
Pronounce: play-thoo'-no
Origin: from another form of 4128
i.
c
Eph. 1:4• 4even as he chose us in him before [the] world's foundation, that we should be holy and blameless before him in love; (Eph. 1:4)
d
Rom. 8:29• 29For whom he foreknew, he also predetermined [to be] conformed to the image of his Son, that he should be first-born among many brethren. (Rom. 8:29)
e
2 Thess. 2:13• 13But we are bound to give thanks to God always for you, brethren beloved of [the] Lord, that God chose you from [the] beginning unto salvation in sanctification of [the] Spirit and belief of [the] truth; (2 Thess. 2:13)
f
Rom. 16:26• 26but now manifested and by prophetic scriptures, according to the eternal God's command, made known for obedience of faith unto all the Gentiles, (Rom. 16:26)
g
Heb. 12:24• 24and to Jesus mediator of a new covenant, and to blood of sprinkling speaking better than Abel. (Heb. 12:24)
i
Jude 2• 2mercy unto you, and peace and love be multiplied. (Jude 2)

More on:

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Blood,
Christ,
Father,
Foreknowledge,
God,
Grace (Chen, χάρις),
Peace,
Sanctification,
Spirit,
Sprinkling,
The Lord Jesus

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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Elect.
1 Peter 2:9• 9But ye [are] a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for a possession, that ye might set out the excellencies of him who called you out of darkness unto his marvellous light; (1 Peter 2:9)
;
Deut. 7:6•  (Deut. 7:6)
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Isa. 65:9,22•  (Isa. 65:9,22)
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Matt. 24:22,24,31• 22And except those days had been cut short, no flesh would be saved; but for the elect's sake those days shall be cut short.
 24for there shall arise false Christs and false prophets, and shall give great signs and wonders, so as to mislead, if possible, even the elect.
 31And he shall send his angels with great sound of trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from [one] end of heavens to the other. (Matt. 24:22,24,31)
;
Mark 13:20,22,27• 20And unless [the] Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should have been saved; but on account of the elect whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days.
 22for false Christs and false prophets shall arise, and give signs and wonders {i}to seduce, if it were possible, even the elect.{/i}
 27and then shall he send his angels, and shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from end of earth to end of heaven. (Mark 13:20,22,27)
;
Luke 18:7• 7And shall not God at all avenge his elect, who cry to him day and night, and he bears long as to them. (Luke 18:7)
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John 15:16‑19• 16Not ye chose me, but I chose you and appointed you that ye should go and bear fruit, and your fruit abide; that whatsoever ye shall ask the Father in my name he may give you.
 17These things I command you, that ye love one another.
 18If the world hateth you, know that me it hath hated before you.
 19If ye were of the world, the world would love its own; but because ye are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, on this account doth the world hate you. (John 15:16‑19)
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Rom. 8:29,33• 29For whom he foreknew, he also predetermined [to be] conformed to the image of his Son, that he should be first-born among many brethren.
 33Who shall bring a charge against God's elect? [It is] God that justifieth: (Rom. 8:29,33)
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Rom. 11:2,5‑7,28• 2God had not thrust away his people whom he foreknew. What, know ye not what the scripture saith in Elias's [case]; how he pleadeth with God against Israel?
 5So then in the present time also there hath been a remnant according to election of grace;
 6and if by grace, no longer by works, since [otherwise] grace becometh no longer grace.
 7What then? That which Israel seeketh after, this it did not obtain, but the election obtained [it]; but the rest were hardened,
 28As to the gospel, [they are] enemies on your account, but as to the election beloved on account of the fathers; (Rom. 11:2,5‑7,28)
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Eph. 1:4‑5• 4even as he chose us in him before [the] world's foundation, that we should be holy and blameless before him in love;
 5having predestinated us for adoption through Jesus Christ unto himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, (Eph. 1:4‑5)
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Col. 3:12• 12Put on therefore, as elect of God, holy [and] beloved, bowels of compassion, kindness, lowliness, meekness, long-suffering; (Col. 3:12)
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2 Tim. 2:10• 10For this cause I endure all things for the sake of the elect, that they also may obtain salvation, that [is] in Christ Jesus, with eternal glory. (2 Tim. 2:10)
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Titus 1:1• 1Paul, bondman of God and apostle of Jesus Christ according to faith of God's elect, and full knowledge of truth that is according to piety; (Titus 1:1)
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2 John 1,13• 1The elder to an elect lady and her children, whom I love in truth, and not I only but also all who have known the truth,
 13The children of thine elect sister greet thee. (2 John 1,13)
the foreknowledge.
Acts 2:23• 23(him, given up by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye by hand of lawless [men] did crucify and slay; (Acts 2:23)
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Acts 15:18• 18known from the beginning of the world. (Acts 15:18)
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Rom. 8:29‑30• 29For whom he foreknew, he also predetermined [to be] conformed to the image of his Son, that he should be first-born among many brethren.
 30But whom he predetermined, them also he called, and whom he called, them also he justified, and whom he justified, them also he glorified. (Rom. 8:29‑30)
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Rom. 9:23‑24• 23and that he might make known the riches of his glory upon vessels of mercy which he before prepared for glory(
 24us whom he also called not only out of Jews, but also out of Gentiles, (Rom. 9:23‑24)
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Rom. 11:2• 2God had not thrust away his people whom he foreknew. What, know ye not what the scripture saith in Elias's [case]; how he pleadeth with God against Israel? (Rom. 11:2)
sanctification.
Acts 20:32• 32And now I commend you to God and to the word of his grace which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all that are sanctified. (Acts 20:32)
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Rom. 15:16• 16in order to my being a minister of Jesus Christ unto the Gentiles, as a sacred rite ministering the gospel of God that the offering of the Gentiles might be acceptable, sanctified by [the] Holy Spirit. (Rom. 15:16)
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1 Cor. 1:30• 30But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who was made wisdom to us from God, and righteousness and sanctification and redemption; (1 Cor. 1:30)
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1 Cor. 6:11• 11And these things were some of you. But ye were washed, but ye were sanctified, but ye were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus [Christ] and by the Spirit of our God. (1 Cor. 6:11)
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2 Thess. 2:13• 13But we are bound to give thanks to God always for you, brethren beloved of [the] Lord, that God chose you from [the] beginning unto salvation in sanctification of [the] Spirit and belief of [the] truth; (2 Thess. 2:13)
unto.
1 Peter 1:22• 22purified your souls as ye have in your obedience to the truth unto brotherly affection unfeigned, love one another out of a pure heart fervently, (1 Peter 1:22)
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Rom. 1:5• 5through whom we received grace and apostleship unto obedience of faith among all the Gentiles in behalf of his name; (Rom. 1:5)
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Rom. 8:13• 13for if ye live according to flesh, ye are about to die; but if by [the] Spirit ye mortify the deeds of the body, ye shall live. (Rom. 8:13)
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Rom. 16:19,26• 19For your obedience hath reached unto all. Over you then I rejoice, but I wish you to be wise in regard to good and simple in regard to evil.
 26but now manifested and by prophetic scriptures, according to the eternal God's command, made known for obedience of faith unto all the Gentiles, (Rom. 16:19,26)
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2 Cor. 10:5• 5pulling down reasonings and every height that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and leading captive every thought unto the obedience of Christ, (2 Cor. 10:5)
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Heb. 5:9• 9and, perfected, he became to all those that obey him author of salvation everlasting, (Heb. 5:9)
sprinkling.
Heb. 9:19‑22• 19For when every commandment was spoken according to law by Moses to all the people, having taken the blood of calves and of goats with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, he sprinkled both the book itself and all the people,
 20saying, This [is] the blood of the covenant which God enjoined on you.
 21And the tabernacle too, and all the vessels of service he sprinkled alike with the blood;
 22and almost all things are purified with blood according to the law, and apart from blood-shedding cometh no remission. (Heb. 9:19‑22)
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Heb. 11:28• 28By faith he hath celebrated the Passover and the sprinkling of the blood, that the destroyer of the firstborn should not touch them. (Heb. 11:28)
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Heb. 12:24• 24and to Jesus mediator of a new covenant, and to blood of sprinkling speaking better than Abel. (Heb. 12:24)
Grace.
Rom. 1:7• 7to all that are in Rome beloved of God, called saints: grace to you and peace from God our Father and Lord Jesus Christ. (Rom. 1:7)
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2 Cor. 13:14• 14The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God, and the communion of the Holy Spirit, [be] with you all. (2 Cor. 13:14)
be.
Isa. 55:7•  (Isa. 55:7)
;
Isa. 55•  (Isa. 55)
:*marg:;
Dan. 4:1•  (Dan. 4:1)
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Dan. 6:25•  (Dan. 6:25)
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2 Peter 1:2• 2Grace to you and peace be multiplied in knowledge of God and of Jesus our Lord. (2 Peter 1:2)
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Jude 2• 2mercy unto you, and peace and love be multiplied. (Jude 2)
• sanctification of the Spirit as here spoken of is for (εἰς) obedience, and such as Christ's in contrast with a mere Israelite's. It is also for " sprinkling with His blood," for the new life or divine nature in the saint wishes to obey God even before it knows the efficacy of His blood in a purged conscience; and hence the perfect order of the words in the phrase. (“On 1 Thessalonians 2:13-20” by W. Kelly)
• The Christian Jews, believing in Jesus not only Lord and Christ but Son of the living God, as our apostle first confessed Him, were chosen according to the foreknowledge of God the Father. (“1 Peter 1:2” by W. Kelly)
• The Spirit's activity is immediate and abiding, the ground of the practical holiness that ensues, which is but partial and relative; whereas what the apostle here introduces is a principle absolute, unfailing, and personal. (“1 Peter 1:2” by W. Kelly)
• We are thus sanctified, not externally but in the new life imparted, to obey as Christ obeyed and to be sprinkled with His precious blood. (“1 Peter 1:2” by W. Kelly)
• Behold, the blood of the covenant that Jehovah has made with you concerning all these words. The blood here was the special sanction of death, signified by the blood-sprinkling, in case of disobedience. With this ministry of legal condemnation for the sinner the apostle contrasts the Christian (“1 Peter 1:2” by W. Kelly)
• Sanctified unto the obedience of Jesus Christ and for the sprinkling of His blood, that is to say, on the one hand to obey as He obeyed, and on the other to be sprinkled with His blood and thus to be perfectly clear before God. (“1 Peter 1” by J.N. Darby)
• “According to,” indicating character. “Through,” indicating the means employed. “Unto,” indicating the end in view. (“1 Peter 1” by F.B. Hole)
• God’s election is never capricious and the idea of a sinner earnestly desiring salvation, and yet prevented by an adverse decree, is a nightmare of human reason and not Scripture. (“1 Peter 1” by F.B. Hole)
• His choice is made effectual “through sanctification of the Spirit” (ch. 1:2). The root idea of “sanctification” is “setting apart for God” and the Holy Spirit is He who, by His inward life-giving work, sets apart the one who is the subject of it. (“1 Peter 1” by F.B. Hole)
• Read Ex. 24:3-8, and you will observe there the order, first the obedience promised which the law demanded, then the sprinkling of the blood of the sacrifice in ratification. Peter, addressing believers who were very familiar with this, carefully observes this order, only showing that we Christians have these things on a far higher plane in a vital and spiritual way. (“1 Peter 1” by F.B. Hole)

J. N. Darby Translation

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2
elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, by sanctificationf of the Spirit, unto the obedience and sprinkling of the bloodg of Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace be multiplied.

JND Translation Notes

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f
Hagiasmos, see Note i, Rom. 1.4.
g
"Jesus Christ" is connected with "obedience," as well as with "sprinkling of the blood."

W. Kelly Translation

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2
elect, according to foreknowledge of God [the] Father, ina [the] Spirit’s sanctificationb, unto obediencec and blood-sprinkling of Jesus Christ: grace to you and peace be multiplied.

WK Translation Notes

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a
Or, "by." What is the meaning of "in" sanctification of the Spirit? The Revisers have misrepresented the truth in several instances of dogmatic moment through a fancied accuracy, but mere literality, condemned by their own practice elsewhere. "in" for (en), when the KJV had idiomatically and correctly "by" or "with." To talk of the conditional element as environing, or the like, is mere jargon to excuse a translation which conveys no sound meaning. Here the apostle lets the dispersed believers of the circumcision know that, instead of being externally separated in the flesh by rites as the chosen people of Jehovah, they were elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, by sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ. The contrast is with {vi 2185-2186}{/vi}, when Israel stood to obey the law under the blood which threatened death as the penalty, instead of cleansing from every sin those whose one desire was to obey as Christ obeyed. Compare {vi 28479}{/vi}, where "sanctified" is before "justified," as here sanctification is before obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus. It is the absolute setting apart of the soul to God from the first. Practical holiness is relative, and is pressed lower down in this very chapter, vss. 15, 16.
b
Now sanctification in the ordinary sense cannot be said to be for or "unto obedience," seeing that it very largely consists of obedience, and cannot exist without it; but sanctification of the Spirit as here spoken of is "for" (eis) obedience, and such as Christ’s in contrast with a mere Israelite’s. The rendering "unto (en) sanctification of the Spirit through (eis), obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ!" is to sacrifice, not grammar merely, but God’s word to a defective system of theology. It only acknowledges the sanctification that is consequent on justification, and ignores the primary setting of the person apart to God by the Spirit, which is true of every saint from his conversion, when he may not yet rest by faith in Christ’s blood. Sanctification here does not mean inherent, gradual or practical holiness, but that work of the Spirit which from first to last separates from nature and the world to God (compare {vi 29675}{/vi}).
c
Some would limit "of Jesus Christ" at the close to the blood-sprinkling; but this is unfounded and obscures the great truth that the Christian is set apart to Christ’s obedience as truly as to the application of His blood. The anarthrous form quite falls in with this: had the article been there, it would have pointed to Him personally; as it is, we have Him giving character to obedience and blood-sprinkling, in contrast with law-obedience and blood of victims which confirmed the old covenant as a penal sanction. The idea is neither obedience of faith, nor obeying what our Lord enjoined; but as He obeyed in the dependence and living confidence of sonship, so we now practically as under grace and possession of eternal life in Him.