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Nehemiah 10

Neh. 10:31 KJV (With Strong’s)

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31
And if the people
`am (Hebrew #5971)
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
KJV usage: folk, men, nation, people.
Pronounce: am
Origin: from 6004
of the land
'erets (Hebrew #776)
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
KJV usage: X common, country, earth, field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.
Pronounce: eh'-rets
Origin: from an unused root probably meaning to be firm
bring
bow' (Hebrew #935)
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
KJV usage: abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, + besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out, upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ, (cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war), grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention, pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken (in age), X surely, take (in), way.
Pronounce: bo
Origin: a primitive root
ware
maqqachah (Hebrew #4728)
something received, i.e. merchandise (purchased)
KJV usage: ware.
Pronounce: mak-kaw-khaw'
Origin: from 3947
or any victuals
sheber (Hebrew #7668)
grain (as if broken into kernels)
KJV usage: corn, victuals.
Pronounce: sheh'-ber
Origin: the same as 7667
on the sabbath
shabbath (Hebrew #7676)
intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath
KJV usage: (+ every) sabbath.
Pronounce: shab-bawth'
Origin: intensive from 7673
day
yowm (Hebrew #3117)
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
KJV usage: age, + always, + chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), + elder, X end, + evening, + (for) ever(-lasting, -more), X full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, + old, + outlived, + perpetually, presently, + remaineth, X required, season, X since, space, then, (process of) time, + as at other times, + in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), X whole (+ age), (full) year(-ly), + younger.
Pronounce: yome
Origin: from an unused root meaning to be hot
to sell
makar (Hebrew #4376)
to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or figuratively (to surrender)
KJV usage: X at all, sell (away, -er, self).
Pronounce: maw-kar'
Origin: a primitive root
, that we would not buy
laqach (Hebrew #3947)
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
KJV usage: accept, bring, buy, carry away, drawn, fetch, get, infold, X many, mingle, place, receive(-ing), reserve, seize, send for, take (away, -ing, up), use, win.
Pronounce: law-kakh'
Origin: a primitive root
it of them on thep sabbath
shabbath (Hebrew #7676)
intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath
KJV usage: (+ every) sabbath.
Pronounce: shab-bawth'
Origin: intensive from 7673
, or on the holy
qodesh (Hebrew #6944)
a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity
KJV usage: consecrated (thing), dedicated (thing), hallowed (thing), holiness, (X most) holy (X day, portion, thing), saint, sanctuary.
Pronounce: ko'-desh
Origin: from 6942
day
yowm (Hebrew #3117)
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
KJV usage: age, + always, + chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), + elder, X end, + evening, + (for) ever(-lasting, -more), X full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, + old, + outlived, + perpetually, presently, + remaineth, X required, season, X since, space, then, (process of) time, + as at other times, + in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), X whole (+ age), (full) year(-ly), + younger.
Pronounce: yome
Origin: from an unused root meaning to be hot
: and that we would leave
natash (Hebrew #5203)
properly, to pound, i.e. smite; by implication (as if beating out, and thus expanding) to disperse; also, to thrust off, down, out or upon (inclusively, reject, let alone, permit, remit, etc.)
KJV usage: cast off, drawn, let fall, forsake, join (battle), leave (off), lie still, loose, spread (self) abroad, stretch out, suffer.
Pronounce: naw-tash'
Origin: a primitive root
thea seventh
shbiy`iy (Hebrew #7637)
ordinal from 7657; seventh
KJV usage: seventh (time).
Pronounce: sheb-ee-ee'
Origin: or shbi iy {sheb-ee-ee'}
year
shaneh (Hebrew #8141)
from 8138; a year (as a revolution of time)
KJV usage: + whole age, X long, + old, year(X -ly).
Pronounce: shaw-neh'
Origin: (in plura or (feminine) shanah {shaw-naw'}
, and the exaction
massa' (Hebrew #4853)
a burden; specifically, tribute, or (abstractly) porterage; figuratively, an utterance, chiefly a doom, especially singing; mental, desire
KJV usage: burden, carry away, prophecy, X they set, song, tribute.
Pronounce: mas-saw'
Origin: from 5375
c of every βdebt
yad (Hebrew #3027)
a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote (as follows)
KJV usage: (+ be) able, X about, + armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, X bounty, + broad, (broken-)handed, X by, charge, coast, + consecrate, + creditor, custody, debt, dominion, X enough, + fellowship, force, X from, hand(-staves, -y work), X he, himself, X in, labour, + large, ledge, (left-)handed, means, X mine, ministry, near, X of, X order, ordinance, X our, parts, pain, power, X presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, + swear, terror, X thee, X by them, X themselves, X thine own, X thou, through, X throwing, + thumb, times, X to, X under, X us, X wait on, (way-)side, where, + wide, X with (him, me, you), work, + yield, X yourselves.
Pronounce: yawd
Origin: a primitive word
.
p
Neh. 13:15• 15In those days saw I in Judah some treading wine presses on the Sabbath, and bringing in sheaves, and lading asses; as also, wine, grapes, and figs, and all manner of burdens, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day: and I testified against them in the day wherein they sold victuals. (Neh. 13:15)
,etc.;
Lev. 23:3• 3Six days shall work be done; but the seventh day is the Sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein; it is the Sabbath of Jehovah in all your dwellings. (Lev. 23:3)
;
Deut. 5:12• 12{i}Keep the Sabbath day to hallow it, as Jehovah thy God hath commanded thee.{/i} (Deut. 5:12)
;
Isa. 58:13‑14• 13If thou turn back thy foot from the Sabbath, [from] doing thy pleasure on my holy day, and call the Sabbath a delight, the holy [day] of Jehovah, honourable; and thou honour him, not doing thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking [idle] words;
 14then shalt thou delight thyself in Jehovah; and I will make thee to ride upon the high places of the earth; and I will feed thee with the heritage of Jacob thy father: for the mouth of Jehovah hath spoken. (Isa. 58:13‑14)
a
Lev. 25:4• 4but in the seventh year shall be a Sabbath of rest for the land, a Sabbath to Jehovah. Thy field thou shalt not sow, nor prune thy vineyard. (Lev. 25:4)
c
Neh. 5:1‑13• 1{i}And there was a great{/i} cry of the people and of their wives against their brethren the Jews.
 2{i}And there were that said, We, our sons and our daughters, are many, and we must procure corn that we may eat and live.{/i}
 3{i}And there were that said,{/i} We have mortgaged our lands, vineyards and houses that we might buy corn, because of the dearth.
 4There were also that said, We have borrowed money for the king's tribute, and that upon our lands and vineyards.
 5Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children: and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters {i}to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought into bondage already; neither is it in the power of our hand to redeem them, for other men have our fields and our vineyards.{/i}
 6{i}And I was very angry when I heard their cry and these words.{/i}
 7{i}And I consulted with myself; and I{/i} rebuked the nobles, and the rulers, and said unto them, Ye exact usury, every one of his brother. And I set a great assembly against them.
 8And I said unto them, We after our ability have redeemed our brethren the Jews, which were sold unto the heathen; and will ye, even sell your brethren? or shall they be sold unto us? Then held they their peace, and found nothing to answer.
 9Also I said, It is not good that ye do: ought ye not to walk in the fear of our God, because of the reproach of the heathen our enemies?
 10{i}I also, my brethren and my servants, we might exact usury of them, money and corn. I pray you, let us leave off this usury.{/i}
 11{i}Restore, I pray you, to them this very day their fields, their vineyards, their olive-gardens, and their houses, also the hundredth part of the money, and of the corn, the wine and the oil, that ye have exacted of them.{/i}
 12Then said they, We will restore them, and will require nothing of them; so will we do as thou sayest. Then I called the priests, and took an oath of them that they should do according to this promise.
 13Also I shook my lap, and said, So God shake out every man from his house, and from his labour, that performeth not this promise, even thus be he shaken out, and emptied. And all the congregation said, Amen, and praised Jehovah. And the people did according to this promise. (Neh. 5:1‑13)
;
Deut. 15:2• 2{i}and this is the manner of the release: Every creditor shall relax his hand from the loan which he hath lent unto his neighbour; he shall not demand it of his neighbour, or of his brother; for a release to Jehovah hath been proclaimed.{/i} (Deut. 15:2)
β
hand.

More on:

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Day,
Holy-Day,
Sabbath,
Seven,
Wares,
Year

Cross References

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the people.
Neh. 13:15‑22• 15In those days saw I in Judah some treading wine presses on the Sabbath, and bringing in sheaves, and lading asses; as also, wine, grapes, and figs, and all manner of burdens, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day: and I testified against them in the day wherein they sold victuals.
 16There dwelt men of Tyre also therein, which brought fish, and all manner of ware, and sold on the Sabbath unto the children of Judah, and in Jerusalem.
 17Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them, What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the Sabbath day?
 18Did not your fathers thus, and did not our God bring all this evil upon us, and upon this city? yet ye bring more wrath upon Israel by profaning the Sabbath.
 19{i}And it came to pass, that when it began to be dark in the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the gates should be shut; and I commanded that they should not be opened till after the Sabbath. And I set some of my servants at the gates, so that no burden should be brought in on the Sabbath day.{/i}
 20{i}And the dealers and sellers of all kind of ware passed the night without Jerusalem once or twice.{/i}
 21{i}And I testified against them, and said to them, Why do ye pass the night before the wall? if ye do so again, I will lay hands on you. From that time forth they came not on the Sabbath.{/i}
 22{i}And I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves, and that they should come and keep the gates, to hallow the Sabbath day. Remember this also for me, my God, and spare me according to thy great loving-kindness!{/i} (Neh. 13:15‑22)
;
Ex. 20:10• 10{i}but the seventh day is the Sabbath of Jehovah thy God: thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy bondman, nor thy handmaid, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates.{/i} (Ex. 20:10)
;
Lev. 23:3• 3Six days shall work be done; but the seventh day is the Sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein; it is the Sabbath of Jehovah in all your dwellings. (Lev. 23:3)
;
Deut. 5:12‑14• 12{i}Keep the Sabbath day to hallow it, as Jehovah thy God hath commanded thee.{/i}
 13Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work;
 14but the seventh day is the Sabbath of Jehovah thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, {i}thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy bondman, nor thy handmaid, nor thine ox, nor thine ass, nor any of thy cattle, nor thy sojourner that is within thy gates; that thy bondman and thy handmaid may rest as well as thou.{/i} (Deut. 5:12‑14)
;
Isa. 58:13‑14• 13If thou turn back thy foot from the Sabbath, [from] doing thy pleasure on my holy day, and call the Sabbath a delight, the holy [day] of Jehovah, honourable; and thou honour him, not doing thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking [idle] words;
 14then shalt thou delight thyself in Jehovah; and I will make thee to ride upon the high places of the earth; and I will feed thee with the heritage of Jacob thy father: for the mouth of Jehovah hath spoken. (Isa. 58:13‑14)
;
Jer. 17:21‑22• 21{i}thus saith Jehovah: Take heed to your souls, and bear no burden on the Sabbath day, and bring nothing in through the gates of Jerusalem;{/i}
 22{i}and carry forth no burden out of your houses on the Sabbath day, neither do any work; but hallow ye the Sabbath day, as I commanded your fathers,{/i} (Jer. 17:21‑22)
on the holy day.
Ex. 12:16• 16{i}And on the first day ye shall have a holy convocation, and on the seventh day a holy convocation: no manner of work shall be done on them, save what is eaten by every person—that only shall be done by you.{/i} (Ex. 12:16)
;
Lev. 16:29• 29And this shall be an everlasting statute unto you. In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, ye shall afflict your souls and do no work at all, whether it be one of your own country, or the stranger that sojourneth among you; (Lev. 16:29)
;
Lev. 23:21,35‑36• 21And ye shall proclaim on the self-same day, that it may be an holy convocation unto you: ye shall do no servile work therein: it shall be a statute forever in all your dwellings throughout your generations.
 35On the first day shall be an holy convocation. Ye shall do no servile work therein.
 36Seven days ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord; on the eighth day shall be an holy convocation unto you, and ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto Jehovah. It is a solemn assembly, and ye shall do no servile work therein. (Lev. 23:21,35‑36)
;
Col. 2:16• 16Let none therefore judge you in eating and in drinking, or in respect of feast or new moon or Sabbaths, (Col. 2:16)
and that we.
Ex. 23:10‑11• 10{i}And six years thou shalt sow thy land, and gather in its produce;{/i}
 11{i}but in the seventh thou shalt let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of thy people may eat of it; and what they leave, the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, and with thine olive-tree.{/i} (Ex. 23:10‑11)
;
Lev. 25:4‑7• 4but in the seventh year shall be a Sabbath of rest for the land, a Sabbath to Jehovah. Thy field thou shalt not sow, nor prune thy vineyard.
 5That which groweth of itself of thy harvest thou shalt not reap, and the grapes of thine undressed vines thou shalt not gather: a year of rest shall it be for the land.
 6And the Sabbath of the land shall be for food for you; for thee, and for thy bondman, and for thy handmaid, and for thy hired servant, and for him that dwelleth as a sojourner with thee, and for thy cattle,
 7and for the beasts that [are] in thy land: all the produce thereof, it shall be for your food. (Lev. 25:4‑7)
;
2 Chron. 36:21• 21{i}to fulfil the word of Jehovah by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed its Sabbath,{/i} for as long as she lay desolate she kept Sabbath to fulfil seventy years. (2 Chron. 36:21)
the exaction.
Neh. 5:1‑13• 1{i}And there was a great{/i} cry of the people and of their wives against their brethren the Jews.
 2{i}And there were that said, We, our sons and our daughters, are many, and we must procure corn that we may eat and live.{/i}
 3{i}And there were that said,{/i} We have mortgaged our lands, vineyards and houses that we might buy corn, because of the dearth.
 4There were also that said, We have borrowed money for the king's tribute, and that upon our lands and vineyards.
 5Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children: and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters {i}to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought into bondage already; neither is it in the power of our hand to redeem them, for other men have our fields and our vineyards.{/i}
 6{i}And I was very angry when I heard their cry and these words.{/i}
 7{i}And I consulted with myself; and I{/i} rebuked the nobles, and the rulers, and said unto them, Ye exact usury, every one of his brother. And I set a great assembly against them.
 8And I said unto them, We after our ability have redeemed our brethren the Jews, which were sold unto the heathen; and will ye, even sell your brethren? or shall they be sold unto us? Then held they their peace, and found nothing to answer.
 9Also I said, It is not good that ye do: ought ye not to walk in the fear of our God, because of the reproach of the heathen our enemies?
 10{i}I also, my brethren and my servants, we might exact usury of them, money and corn. I pray you, let us leave off this usury.{/i}
 11{i}Restore, I pray you, to them this very day their fields, their vineyards, their olive-gardens, and their houses, also the hundredth part of the money, and of the corn, the wine and the oil, that ye have exacted of them.{/i}
 12Then said they, We will restore them, and will require nothing of them; so will we do as thou sayest. Then I called the priests, and took an oath of them that they should do according to this promise.
 13Also I shook my lap, and said, So God shake out every man from his house, and from his labour, that performeth not this promise, even thus be he shaken out, and emptied. And all the congregation said, Amen, and praised Jehovah. And the people did according to this promise. (Neh. 5:1‑13)
;
Deut. 15:1‑3,7‑9• 1{i}At the end of seven years thou shalt make a release,{/i}
 2{i}and this is the manner of the release: Every creditor shall relax his hand from the loan which he hath lent unto his neighbour; he shall not demand it of his neighbour, or of his brother; for a release to Jehovah hath been proclaimed.{/i}
 3{i}Of the foreigner thou mayest demand it; but what is thine with thy brother thy hand shall release;{/i}
 7{i}If there be amongst you a poor man, any one of thy brethren in one of thy gates, in thy land which Jehovah thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden thy heart, nor shut thy hand from thy brother in need;{/i}
 8{i}but thou shalt open thy hand bountifully unto him, and shalt certainly lend him on pledge what is sufficient for his need, in that which he lacketh.{/i}
 9{i}Beware that there be not a wicked thought in thy heart, saying, The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand; and thine eye be evil against thy poor brother, and thou givest him nought; and he cry against thee to Jehovah, and it be sin in thee.{/i} (Deut. 15:1‑3,7‑9)
;
Matt. 6:12• 12{i}and forgive us our debts, as we also forgive our debtors,{/i} (Matt. 6:12)
;
Matt. 18:27‑35• 27And the lord of the bondman, moved with compassion, released him and forgave him the debt.
 28But that bondman, on going out, found one of his fellow-bondmen who owed him a hundred denarii, and having laid hold he was grasping his throat, saying, Pay what thou owest.
 29His fellow-bondman then, falling at his feet, besought him, saying, Have patience with me, and I will pay thee.
 30And he would not, but went and cast him into prison, till he should pay what was owing.
 31But his fellow-bondmen, having seen what was being done, were greatly grieved, and went and fully explained to their lord all that was done.
 32Then his lord, having summoned him, saith to him, Wicked bondman, all that debt I forgave thee, since thou didst beseech me:
 33oughtedst not thou also to have pitied thy fellow-bondman, as I also pitied thee?
 34And his lord, in wrath, delivered him to the tormentors till he should pay all that was owing to him.
 35Thus also shall my heavenly Father do to you, if ye forgive not from your hearts each his brother. (Matt. 18:27‑35)
;
James 2:13• 13for the judgment [is] merciless to him that showed no mercy. Mercy glorieth over judgment. (James 2:13)
debt.
Heb. band.
Isa. 58:6• 6[Is] not this the fast that I have chosen: to loose the bands of wickedness, to undo the thongs of the yoke, and to let the oppressed go free, and that ye break every yoke? (Isa. 58:6)

J. N. Darby Translation

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31
and that if the peoples of the land brought wares or any grain on the sabbath day to sell, we would not take it of them on the sabbath, or on any holy day; and that we would leave the land uncultivated the seventh year, and the exaction of every debta.

JND Translation Notes

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a
Lit. "the debt of every hand," i.e. for which any had given his hand. Ex. 23.10,11; Deut. 15.1,2.

W. Kelly Translation

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31
and that if the peoples of the land brought wares or any grain on the Sabbath day to sell, we would not take it of them on the Sabbath, or on any holy day; and that we would leave the land uncultivated the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.

WK Verse Note

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(Note: Words in italics have been inserted from the J. N. Darby translation where the W. Kelly translation doesn’t exist.)