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Lamentations 1

Lm. 1:1 KJV (With Strong’s)

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1
How doth the city
`iyr (Hebrew #5892)
or ayar (Judges 10:4) {aw-yar'}; from 5782 a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
KJV usage: Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.
Pronounce: eer
Origin: or (in the plural) par {awr}
sit
yashab (Hebrew #3427)
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
KJV usage: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, X fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, X marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(- tle), (down-)sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry.
Pronounce: yaw-shab'
Origin: a primitive root
solitary
badad (Hebrew #910)
separate; adverb, separately
KJV usage: alone, desolate, only, solitary.
Pronounce: baw-dawd'
Origin: from 909
a, that was full
rab (Hebrew #7227)
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
KJV usage: (in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly), captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man, one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold, things, a time), ((ship-))master, mighty, more, (too, very) much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous, populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent).
Pronounce: rab
Origin: by contracted from 7231
of people
`am (Hebrew #5971)
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
KJV usage: folk, men, nation, people.
Pronounce: am
Origin: from 6004
! how is she become as a widow
'almanah (Hebrew #490)
a widow; also a desolate place
KJV usage: desolate house (palace), widow.
Pronounce: al-maw-naw'
Origin: fem of 488
c! she that was great
rab (Hebrew #7227)
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
KJV usage: (in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly), captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man, one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold, things, a time), ((ship-))master, mighty, more, (too, very) much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous, populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent).
Pronounce: rab
Origin: by contracted from 7231
among the nations
gowy (Hebrew #1471)
apparently from the same root as 1465 (in the sense of massing); a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
KJV usage: Gentile, heathen, nation, people.
Pronounce: go'-ee
Origin: rarely (shortened) goy {go'-ee}
, and princess
sarah (Hebrew #8282)
a mistress, i.e. female noble
KJV usage: lady, princess, queen.
Pronounce: saw-raw'
Origin: feminine of 8269
d among the provinces
mdiynah (Hebrew #4082)
properly, a judgeship, i.e. jurisdiction; by implication, a district (as ruled by a judge); generally, a region
KJV usage: (X every) province.
Pronounce: med-ee-naw'
Origin: from 1777
, how is she become tributary
mac (Hebrew #4522)
from 4549; properly, a burden (as causing to faint), i.e. a tax in the form of forced labor
KJV usage: discomfited, levy, task(-master), tribute(-tary).
Pronounce: mas
Origin: or mic {mees}
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Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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1-11:  The miseries of Jerusalem and of the Jews pathetically lamented, with confessions of their sins.
12-17:  The attention and compassion of beholders demanded to this unprecedented case.
18-22:  The justice of God acknowledged, and his mercy supplicated, with prayers against insulting foes.
How doth.The LXX. have the following words as an introduction:
"And it came to pass after Israel had been carried captive, and Jerusalem was become desolate, that Jeremiah sat weeping, and lamented with this lamentation over Jerusalem, and said."
sit.
Lm. 2:10• 10Sentáronse en tierra, callaron los ancianos de la hija de Sión; Echaron polvo sobre sus cabezas, ciñéronse de saco; Las vírgenes de Jerusalem bajaron sus cabezas a tierra. (Lm. 2:10)
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Is. 3:26• 26Sus puertas se entristecerán y enlutarán, y ella, desamparada, sentaráse en tierra. (Is. 3:26)
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Is. 47:1‑15• 1Desciende, y siéntate en el polvo, virgen hija de Babilonia, siéntate en la tierra sin trono, hija de los Caldeos: que nunca más te llamarán tierna y delicada.
2Toma el molino, y muele harina: descubre tus guedejas, descalza los pies, descubre las piernas, pasa los ríos.
3Descubierta será tu vergüenza, y tu deshonor será visto: tomaré venganza, y no encontraré hombre.
4Nuestro Redentor, Jehová de los ejércitos es su nombre, el Santo de Israel.
5Siéntate, calla, y entra en tinieblas, hija de los Caldeos: porque nunca más te llamarán señora de reinos.
6Enojéme contra mi pueblo, profané mi heredad, y entreguélos en tu mano: no les hiciste misericordias; sobre el viejo agravaste mucho tu yugo.
7Y dijiste: Para siempre seré señora: y no has pensado en esto, ni te acordaste de tu postrimería.
8Oye pues ahora esto, delicada, la que está sentada confiadamente, la que dice en su corazón: Yo soy, y fuera de mí no hay más; no quedaré viuda, ni conoceré orfandad.
9Estas dos cosas te vendrán de repente en un mismo día, orfandad y viudez: en toda su perfección vendrán sobre ti, por la multitud de tus adivinanzas, y por la copia de tus muchos agüeros.
10Porque te confiaste en tu maldad, diciendo: Nadie me ve. Tu sabiduría y tu misma ciencia te engañaron, y dijiste en tu corazón: Yo, y no más.
11Vendrá pues sobre ti mal, cuyo nacimiento no sabrás: caerá sobre ti quebrantamiento, el cual no podrás remediar: y destrucción que no sabrás, vendrá de repente sobre ti.
12Estáte ahora en tus encantamentos, y con la multitud de tus agüeros, en los cuales te fatigaste desde tu niñez; quizá podrás mejorarte, quizá te fortificarás.
13Haste fatigado en la multitud de tus consejos. Parezcan ahora y defiéndante los contempladores de los cielos, los especuladores de las estrellas, los que contaban los meses, para pronosticar lo que vendrá sobre ti.
14He aquí que serán como tamo; fuego los quemará, no salvarán sus vidas del poder de la llama; no quedará brasa para calentarse, ni lumbre á la cual se sienten.
15Así te serán aquellos con quienes te fatigaste, tus negociantes desde tu niñez: cada uno echará por su camino, no habrá quien te salve.
(Is. 47:1‑15)
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Is. 50:5• 5El Señor Jehová me abrió el oído, y yo no fuí rebelde, ni me torné atrás. (Is. 50:5)
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Is. 52:2,7• 2Sacúdete del polvo; levántate y siéntate, Jerusalem; suéltate de las ataduras de tu cuello, cautiva hija de Sión.
7Cuán hermosos son sobre los montes los pies del que trae alegres nuevas, del que publica la paz, del que trae nuevas del bien, del que publica salud, del que dice á Sión: Tu Dios reina!
(Is. 52:2,7)
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Jer. 9:11• 11Y pondré á Jerusalem en montones, por moradas de culebras; y pondré las ciudades de Judá en asolamiento, que no quede morador. (Jer. 9:11)
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Ez. 26:16• 16Entonces todos los príncipes de la mar descenderán de sus sillas, y se quitarán sus mantos, y desnudarán sus bordadas ropas: de espanto se vestirán, sentaránse sobre la tierra, y temblarán á cada momento, y estarán sobre ti atónitos. (Ez. 26:16)
full.
as a.
great.
how is.
 The distressing prostration of Jerusalem, not the death of the pious king cut down so young, is clearly in view. The description of the state of the city, sanctuary, and people does not accord with Josiah's death; and even the king, whose humiliation is named (chap. 2:9), could not possibly be Josiah, who was slain in battle, instead of being among the Gentiles and therefore in captivity. It was no doubt Jehoiachin whose varied lot we can easily trace by comparing the prophecy and 2 Kings 24; 25. All the circumstances of that time tally with the bewailings here. (Lamentations of Jeremiah: Introduction by W. Kelly)
 The form is very notable; save in the last chapter, all are acrostic or at least alphabetic....those admirable and even early Psa. 25; 34; 37 are similarly constructed, not to speak of the wonderful Psa. 119 and several others in the same fifth book of the Psalter (111., 112., 145.). (Lamentations of Jeremiah: Introduction by W. Kelly)
 The first, second, and fourth chapters are so written that each verse begins with one of the twenty-two letters of the Hebrew alphabet in due succession, save that in the second and fourth follows instead of preceding E; and the same transposition occurs in chapter 3, where we have three verses instead of single ones, which so commence; and hence there are in it 66 verses. Another peculiarity is to be noticed, that each verse (except 1:7, 2:19) is a sort of triplet in chapters 1, 2, and 3. Chapter 4 is characterized by couplets (save ver. 15); and a singular structure is traceable in chapter 5, save that it does not begin with the letters of the alphabet, though it consists of twenty-two verses. (Lamentations of Jeremiah: Introduction by W. Kelly)

J. N. Darby Translation

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1
aHow doth the city sit solitary that was full of people! She that was great among the nations is become as a widow; the princess among the provinces is become tributary!

JND Translation Notes

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a
In chs. 1 and 2 the initial letter of each verse, consisting of three parts or lines, follows the alphabetical order.