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Exodus 23

Ex. 23:1 KJV (With Strong’s)

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1
Thou shalt not βraise
nasa' (Hebrew #5375)
a primitive root; to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absol. and rel. (as follows)
KJV usage: accept, advance, arise, (able to, (armor), suffer to) bear(-er, up), bring (forth), burn, carry (away), cast, contain, desire, ease, exact, exalt (self), extol, fetch, forgive, furnish, further, give, go on, help, high, hold up, honorable (+ man), lade, lay, lift (self) up, lofty, marry, magnify, X needs, obtain, pardon, raise (up), receive, regard, respect, set (up), spare, stir up, + swear, take (away, up), X utterly, wear, yield.
Pronounce: naw-saw'
Origin: or nacah (Psalm 4 : 6 (7)) {naw-saw'}
a false
shav' (Hebrew #7723)
from the same as 7722 in the sense of desolating; evil (as destructive), literally (ruin) or morally (especially guile); figuratively idolatry (as false, subjective), uselessness (as deceptive, objective; also adverbially, in vain)
KJV usage: false(-ly), lie, lying, vain, vanity.
Pronounce: shawv
Origin: or shav {shav}
c report
shema` (Hebrew #8088)
something heard, i.e. a sound, rumor, announcement; abstractly, audience
KJV usage: bruit, fame, hear(-ing), loud, report, speech, tidings.
Pronounce: shay'-mah
Origin: from 8085
: put
shiyth (Hebrew #7896)
to place (in a very wide application)
KJV usage: apply, appoint, array, bring, consider, lay (up), let alone, X look, make, mark, put (on), + regard, set, shew, be stayed, X take.
Pronounce: sheeth
Origin: a primitive root
not thine hand
yad (Hebrew #3027)
a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote (as follows)
KJV usage: (+ be) able, X about, + armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, X bounty, + broad, (broken-)handed, X by, charge, coast, + consecrate, + creditor, custody, debt, dominion, X enough, + fellowship, force, X from, hand(-staves, -y work), X he, himself, X in, labour, + large, ledge, (left-)handed, means, X mine, ministry, near, X of, X order, ordinance, X our, parts, pain, power, X presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, + swear, terror, X thee, X by them, X themselves, X thine own, X thou, through, X throwing, + thumb, times, X to, X under, X us, X wait on, (way-)side, where, + wide, X with (him, me, you), work, + yield, X yourselves.
Pronounce: yawd
Origin: a primitive word
with the wicked
rasha` (Hebrew #7563)
morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
KJV usage: + condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did wrong.
Pronounce: raw-shaw'
Origin: from 7561
to be and unrighteous
chamac (Hebrew #2555)
violence; by implication, wrong; by meton. unjust gain
KJV usage: cruel(-ty), damage, false, injustice, X oppressor, unrighteous, violence (against, done), violent (dealing), wrong.
Pronounce: khaw-mawce'
Origin: from 2554
witness
`ed (Hebrew #5707)
concretely, a witness; abstractly, testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e. prince
KJV usage: witness.
Pronounce: ayd
Origin: contracted from 5749
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Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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1-3:  Of slander, false witness, and partiality.
4-5:  Of charitableness.
6-7:  Of justice in judgment.
8:  Of taking bribes.
9:  Of oppressing a stranger.
10-11:  Of the year of rest.
12:  Of the sabbath.
13:  Of idolatry.
14-17:  Of the three feasts.
18-19:  Of the blood and the fat of the sacrifice.
20-33:  An angel is promised, with a blessing, if they obey him.
shalt not.
Ex. 23:7• 7Thou shalt keep far from the cause of falsehood; and the innocent and righteous slay not; for I will not justify the wicked. (Ex. 23:7)
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Ex. 20:16• 16Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour. (Ex. 20:16)
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Lev. 19:16• 16Thou shalt not go about a tale-bearer among thy people; nor shalt thou stand against the blood of thy neighbour: I [am] Jehovah. (Lev. 19:16)
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2 Sam. 16:3• 3And the king said, And where is thy master's son? And Ziba said to the king, Behold, he abides at Jerusalem; for he said, Today shall the house of Israel restore me the kingdom of my father. (2 Sam. 16:3)
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2 Sam. 19:27• 27And he has slandered thy servant to my lord the king; but my lord the king is as an angel of God; do therefore what is good in thy sight. (2 Sam. 19:27)
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Psa. 15:3• 3[Who] hath not slandered with his tongue,{HR}Hath not done evil to his neighbour,{HR}And hath not taken up a reproach against his neighbour. (Psa. 15:3)
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Psa. 101:5• 5Whoso privily slandereth his neighbour,{HR}Him I will cut off;{HR}The lofty of eyes and proud of heart,{HR}Him will I not suffer. (Psa. 101:5)
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Psa. 120:3• 3What shall be given unto thee,{HR}What shall be added unto thee,{HR}O tongue of deceit? (Psa. 120:3)
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Prov. 10:18• 18He that covereth hatred hath lying lips;{HR}And he that uttereth slander [is] a fool. (Prov. 10:18)
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Prov. 17:4• 4An evil-doer heedeth iniquitous lips;{HR}Falsehood listeneth to a mischievous tongue. (Prov. 17:4)
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Prov. 25:23• 23The north wind bringeth forth rain;{HR}And an angry countenance a secret tongue. (Prov. 25:23)
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Jer. 20:10• 10For I have heard the defaming of many, terror on every side: Report, and we will report it. All my familiars are watching for my stumbling: Peradventure he will be enticed, and we shall prevail against him; and we shall take our revenge on him. (Jer. 20:10)
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Matt. 28:14‑15• 14And if this should come to the hearing of the governor, we will persuade him, and save you from all anxiety.
15And they took the money and did as they had been taught. And this report is current among the Jews until this day.
(Matt. 28:14‑15)
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Rom. 3:8• 8and not, even as we are slanderously reported, and even as some give out that we say, “Let us do evil that good things may come?” whose judgment is just. (Rom. 3:8)
raise.
or, receive.
an unrighteous witness.
Deut. 5:20• 20Neither shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour. (Deut. 5:20)
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Deut. 19:16‑21• 16If an unrighteous witness rise up against any man to testify against him of an offence;
17then both the men between whom the controversy is shall stand before Jehovah, before the priests and the judges that shall be in those days;
18and the judges shall make thorough inquiry; and if the witness be a false witness, and he have testified falsely against his brother,
19then shall ye do unto him as he had thought to have done unto his brother; and thou shalt put evil away from thy midst.
20And those that remain shall hear, and fear, and shall henceforth commit no more any such evil in thy midst.
21And thine eye shall not pity; but life shall go for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.
(Deut. 19:16‑21)
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1 Kings 21:10‑13• 10and set two men, sons of Belial, before him, and they shall bear witness against him saying, Thou didst curse God and the king; and carry him out, and stone him, that he may die.
11And the men of his city, the elders and the nobles that dwelt in his city, did as Jezebel had sent to them, as it was written in the letter that she had sent to them:
12they proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth at the head of the people.
13And there came the two men, sons of Belial, and sat before him; and the men of Belial witnessed against him, against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying, Naboth blasphemed God and the king. And they carried him forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died.
(1 Kings 21:10‑13)
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Psa. 27:12• 12Give me not unto the will of mine adversaries,{HR}For witnesses of falsehood have risen up against me{HR}And he that breatheth out violence. (Psa. 27:12)
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Psa. 35:11• 11False witnesses rise up; they ask me that which I have not known. (Psa. 35:11)
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Prov. 6:19• 19A false witness breathing out lies,{HR}And he that sendeth out discords among brethren. (Prov. 6:19)
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Prov. 12:17• 17One uttering truth showeth forth righteousness,{HR}But a false witness deceit. (Prov. 12:17)
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Prov. 19:5,9,28• 5A false witness shall not be unpunished,{HR}And an utterer of lies shall not escape.
9A false witness shall not be held innocent,{HR}And one uttering lies shall perish.
28A witness of Belial scorneth judgment,{HR}And the mouth of the wicked swalloweth iniquity.
(Prov. 19:5,9,28)
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Prov. 21:28• 28A false witness shall perish;{HR}But the man that heareth shall speak enduringly. (Prov. 21:28)
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Prov. 24:28• 28Be not a witness against thy neighbour without cause,{HR}Neither deceive with thy lips. (Prov. 24:28)
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Prov. 25:18• 18A man that beareth false witness against his neighbour{HR}[Is] a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow. (Prov. 25:18)
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Matt. 19:18• 18He says to him, Which? And Jesus said, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, (Matt. 19:18)
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Matt. 26:59‑61• 59And the chief priests and the elders and the whole Sanhedrim sought false witness against Jesus, so that they might put him to death.
60And they found none, though many false witnesses came forward. But at the last two false witnesses came forward
61and said, He said, I am able to destroy the temple of God, and in three days build it.
(Matt. 26:59‑61)
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Luke 3:14• 14And the soldiers also asked him, saying, And we, what should we do? And he said to them, Oppress no one, nor accuse falsely; and be content with your pay. (Luke 3:14)
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Luke 19:8• 8And Zacchaeus stood and said to the Lord, Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor; and if I have by false accusation exacted anything of any man, I restore fourfold. (Luke 19:8)
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Acts 6:11‑13• 11Then they suborned men, saying, We have heard him speak blasphemous words against Moses and God.
12And they stirred up the people and the elders and the scribes; and coming upon [him] they seized and brought him into the council,
13and set false witnesses, saying, This man ceaseth not speaking words against the holy place and the law;
(Acts 6:11‑13)
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Eph. 4:25• 25Wherefore having put off falsehood, speak truth each with his neighbour, for we are members one of another. (Eph. 4:25)
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2 Tim. 3:3• 3without natural affection, implacable, slanderers, uncontrolled, fierce, haters of good, (2 Tim. 3:3)
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1 Peter 3:16• 16having a good conscience, that in what they speak against you as evil-doers, they may be ashamed that revile your good behaviour in Christ. (1 Peter 3:16)
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Rev. 12:10• 10And I heard a loud voice in the heaven, saying, Now is come the salvation and the power and the kingdom of our God and the authority of his Christ: for the accuser of our brethren is cast out that accused them before our God day and night. (Rev. 12:10)
 Sins of the tongue begin this section. The first relates to raising or receiving (see margin) a false report. How much mischief has been thus perpetrated, and even in the church of God! There are few who would not be horrified at the thought of raising a false report. Such a sin would be condemned by all upright minds; not even a man of the world would extenuate its guilt. But, as the margin indicates, the word has a wider meaning, and will include also the receiving of a false report. Many who would shun the first sin fall into the snare of the second. A report is heard, and is apparently true, and is circulated, whereas had any trouble been taken to verify it, its falsehood might have been detected. (Judgments: Exodus 21-23 by E. Dennett)
 The antidote is found in that charity which “thinketh no evil; rejoiceth not in iniquity, but rejoiceth in the truth; beareth all things, believeth all things, hopeth all things, endureth all things” (1 Cor. 13:5-7). (Judgments: Exodus 21-23 by E. Dennett)
 {unrighteous witness} Then false testimony is condemned—a sin known by the modern name of perjury. This injunction, as well as that in the next verse, and in verses 3 and {6}, would seem connected with the administration of justice. (Judgments: Exodus 21-23 by E. Dennett)

J. N. Darby Translation

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Thou shalt not acceptc a false report; extend not thy hand tod the wicked, to be an unrighteous witnesse.

JND Translation Notes

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c
Others, "raise."
d
Or "unite not with."
e
Lit. "a witness of violence."

W. Kelly Translation

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Thou shalt not accept a false report; extend not thy hand to the wicked, to be an unrighteous witness.

WK Verse Note

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(Note: Words in italics have been inserted from the J. N. Darby translation where the W. Kelly translation doesn’t exist.)