Greek texts, by various manuscript students, called “editors,” are the result of their laudable aim to arrive at what is the true text of the Word of God.
In this great field we are confronted with the enormous problem of weighing the merits of the readings of the many manuscripts. Schools of opinion show various leanings. The scholarship trend has been toward the Westcott and Hort text which is based largely on the three most ancient uncials, the “Sinaiticus,” the “Vaticanus” and the “Alexandrinus.” Others are unduly influenced by “the mass” of Latin manuscripts which agree with uncial D. (Claromontanus) and E. (Sangermanensis). Then there is the Eastern Orthodox “Byzantine” school with its mass of Greek cursive manuscripts. It was from such as these that the Stephens text and the King James Version of 1611 were built. Besides these extremes there are a few who look to the Lord for guidance through the labyrinth, men of God, who give more recognition to “internal evidence,” with a sense of the infinite perfections and interwoven eternal truths of God’s holy Word. Perfection in this field is not to be found. But God’s Word ought not to be manhandled at will. Here is where paraphrasing has drifted afar. The Holy Spirit is here to show us the things of Christ (John 16:1414He shall glorify me: for he shall receive of mine, and shall show it unto you. (John 16:14) and Matt. 11:2525At that time Jesus answered and said, I thank thee, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because thou hast hid these things from the wise and prudent, and hast revealed them unto babes. (Matthew 11:25)).
Although the older versions little concern us today, we purpose to list them briefly for reference as well as to show the farmer endeavors to improve upon still earlier versions. But where access to copies has been possible, we have sought to review and appraise, as enabled by the Lord, and according to His Word. There are many commendable renderings in most of them, some of which are worthy of being published as such. However, we feel constrained to confine our remarks to evident errors—many of which are lamentable and some really wicked.
1380-82. John Wycliffe gave us the first complete English Bible (helped by Hereford’s translation of the Old Testament). It took him about 22 years to translate it from the Vulgate, as he did not know Greek. About 170 copies, handwritten, still exist. He died in 1384 of paralysis. In 1438 his body was dug up by the Church of Rome and burned along with his book. The ashes were thrown into the river Swift. His New Testament was first printed in 1380, and his Bible two years later.
1388 Revision of Wycliffe’s Bible by Sir Frederick Madden and Joshua Forshall.
1388 Revision of Wycliffe’s Bible by John Purvey.
1525 William Tyndale, (learned in seven languages), as his life labor, translated much of the English Bible out of the Hebrew and Greek, producing the basis for the King James Version of 1611. At Cologne his was the first English New Testament printed, (15,000 copies by Peter Quentel). He was strangled and burned as a heretic on October 16, 1536, at the age of 59, at Vilvorde, Belgium. We quote him: “In the universities (Oxford and Cambridge) they have ordained that no man shall look at the Scriptures until he be nursed in heathen learning eight years.”
1535 Miles Coverdale was given orders from the King of England to translate the whole Bible, from the Hebrew and Greek, which he did. He discredited, yet included, the Apocrypha. This was the first printed English Bible.
1537 Thomas Matthew’s Version (actually John Rogers edited it and may have had some part in its translation) was the first “Authorized Version” approved by the King. He too was burned, in January, 1553 by order of Queen Mary, the last ruler in England to persecute those who sought to give the Bible to the people in their own language. Enveloped in flames he waved his hands victoriously. The Pentateuch and New Testament are Tyndale’s; Ezra to Malachi are Coverdale’s; Joshua to 2 Chronicles are untraceable. Numerous translations have been founded on it.
1539 The Richard Taverner’s Bible was also a revision of the “Matthew’s Bible,” especially the New Testament. He was himself a Greek scholar.
1540 The Great Bible (so named because of its size) was also translated by Miles Coverdale as a revision of the “Matthew’s Bible,” “and was permitted in the churches”!
1541 Thomas Cranmer’s Bible was the second “Authorized Version” likewise approved by the King. It has often been confounded with “The Great Bible.”
1548 The learned Desiderius Erasmus produced a paraphrase of the New Testament. Among the helpers was Queen Mary, who translated the Gospel of John before she became the wicked persecutor! In 1516 Erasmus produced the first printed copy of the Greek Text (parts were translated from the Latin). This was later revised and some believe it was the foundation of “the received text.”
1550 Sir R. Stephen’s Greek Text was translated from the Old Latin Version called “Brixianus” and acquired the misleading name of “commonly received text” from the expression in the preface of the Elzevirs in 1633, “Textus Receptus,” without any authority. A year later he numbered in the margin (but did not divide) the New Testament verses. (Cardinal Hugo had already divided the Latin Vulgate into chapters just three centuries before, 1250).
1557 The Geneva (Switzerland) New Testament is ascribed to William Wittingham and others. Here is where the translators labored after having been exiled from England in the reign of Mary. They used “The Great Bible” as their basis. Then in 1560 they included their translation of the Old Testament. It was the first English Bible to entirely omit the Apocrypha and the first to print the Bible with chapters, paragraphs, and verses divided, such as appear in the A. V. It was a work of excellent scholarship and the first to be printed in modern Roman type. It was revised by Lawrence Tomson 1576 and Franciscus Juniu’s Revelation substituted in the later editions, 1594—. The Geneva Bible became the preferred translation, although the footnotes were objected to by some because of being Calvanistic.
1568 The Bishops’ Bible (so-called because it was translated by eight or twelve bishops, Matthew Barker, etc.) had little success, nevertheless was “authorized and appointed to be read in the churches.”
1582 The New Testament translated at Rheims, France, principally by Gregory Martin. His overly Latinized style of English was poor in places; for example, “supersubstantial bread” (Matt. 6:1111Give us this day our daily bread. (Matthew 6:11)); “he was assumped” (Acts 1:22Until the day in which he was taken up, after that he through the Holy Ghost had given commandments unto the apostles whom he had chosen: (Acts 1:2)) instead of “taken up.” It was revised in 1750 by Dr. Challoner, and authorized by the Church of Rome. It is quite literal. Its footnotes show its ecclesiastical bent; e. g., “Imposition of the hands of priesthood” (1 Tim. 4:1414Neglect not the gift that is in thee, which was given thee by prophecy, with the laying on of the hands of the presbytery. (1 Timothy 4:14)); “penance” instead of “repentance,” etc.
1610 At Douai, France, Catholic scholars translated the Old Testament from the Latin Vulgate, and then included the 1582 Rheims, France, New Testament which was translated by Gregory Martin. It was revised in 1750 by Dr. Challoner, and authorized by the Church of Rome. It is quite literal. Its footnotes show its ecclesiastical bent.
1611 “The Authorized Version” was authorized by King James, (who has received unwarranted prominence therefrom) because the need of a revision was generally felt. The King shifted the expenses onto the father of Matthew Barker, the printer. It is in the main a revision of the Stephen’s and sometimes of Beza’s Greek text, but following mainly “The Bishops’ Bible.” The 47 scholars were from the Church of England and from the Puritans. It included the unwarranted Apocrypha! It is the fourth “Authorized Version” (see 1537, 1541, 1568), and it was revised in 1613, 1629, 1638, and in 1683 by Dr. Scattergood; then again in 1769 by Dr. Blaney, who made many changes in details. In 1700 Dr. Tenison introduced chronological dates. According to the universal law of imperfection, “the work of improving and correcting went on through the centuries, so that a modern copy of the Authorized Version shows considerable departure from the original edition of 1611.” Thus we are using the last revision of the Authorized Version. Many corrective revisions of the Authorized Version have been made since.
God has used it for the salvation of millions; Christians have loved it, and lived by it. It is free from pernicious tendencies, and its language is, in the main, reverential and surpassingly beautiful. However, its literary excellence frequently overshadows the simpler style of the original Greek. Poetic form and the divisions of the Psalms do not appear, while division of the verses impedes continuity of thought. Most of the English translations since have used the more normal paragraphing. It has a churchy cast and an unwarranted latitude in the use of various synonymous words in the English for single Greek words, and many more or less minor failures to convey the true sense of the Greek text. Wigram, as also Robert Young, lists 445 English words, each of which has from 8 to 49 Greek words back of them, yet undistinguished! They also translate 73 Hebrew words in 20 to 94 different ways! Their texts for a working basis were indeed very limited. Many marginal renderings became corrective, while innumerable faulty renderings remain. Little wonder that unprejudiced lovers of God’s Word have desired a more correct translation, at the same time realizing that the efforts to supplant the venerated Authorized Version are in vain. Popularly speaking, “It reigns without a rival.” It is the most widely distributed volume in the world, although multitudes with Bibles in their hands are blind to its truths!
Concordance editions soon followed, and from 1679 chronological dates began to be inserted.
1653 A Paraphrase and Annotations of the New Testament, by Henry Hammond, in four volumes, has the A. V. in one column and his paraphrase in a wider column, approximating a commentary. His work has often been referred to and commented upon by others to this day. It was revised in 1702 and another edition published in 1845.
1657 The Bible, translated from the 1637 Dutch Bible with notes, by Theodore Haak.
1695 The New Testament with a Paraphrase and Notes, by Richard Baxter. Each verse of this A. V. is followed by his paraphrase in smaller type. It is simple and godly.
1701-1735 Paraphrase of the New Testament, The Gospels by Dr. Samuel Clarke and the rest of the N. T. by Thomas Pyle who, sought to imitate his style. Then Old Testament volumes were produced and accompanied by comments alongside of the paraphrase.
1703 The New Testament (paraphrased) by Daniel Whitby was followed by later editions.
1718 The New Testament translated from the Latin Vulgate and Greek with notes by Cornelius Nary, a Catholic scholar who endeavored to use modern speech.
1718 The Common Translation Corrected, with a paraphrase and notes (of the New Testament). The Old Testament followed in 1724. Its authorship is anonymous.
1726 The New Testament, a new version, was from the French of Messieurs De Beausobre and Jacques Lenfant.
1729 The New Testament in Greek and English, by William Mace, a Presbyterian. He was boldly original, more so than spiritual.
1730 The New Testament translated from the Vulgate, with notes, by Robert Witham, a Catholic. He also endeavored to use modern speech.
1739-52 The New Testament (paraphrased) by Dr. John Guyse, has A. V. in margin, lengthy notes and at end of each chapter “serious recollections.” It took six volumes to contain all. Sixth edition, 1818.
1743-45 The Bible by Marchant.
1745 The Primitive New Testament translated by William Whiston (the translator of “Josephus”). Much is the A. V. word for word, but a great deal is based on several of the oldest uncials.
1749-61 New Testament by John Heylyn.
1749-72 The New Testament revisions by Dr. Challoner, a Catholic, was a revision of the Rheims. Footnotes are Roman; for instance, Matthew 16:1818And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. (Matthew 16:18): “Peter the Rockman... on him... Christ will build His Church.”
1750 The New Testament translated by Phillip Doddridge accompanied his “Family Expositor.” His entire Bible was published in 1807, and another New Testament by him in 1811.
1755 The New Testament, translated by John Wesley. He undertook to revise the Authorized Version in 12,000 places only and supplied notes.
1764 “A New and Literal Translation” of the Bible with notes by Anthony Purver, a Quaker, who spent 30 years at his work.
1764 The New Testament, translated by Richard Wynne. Some of his footnotes are from Doddridge’s “Family Expositor.”
1768 A Literal Translation of the New Testament in Paraphrase, by Edward Harwood, a Presbyterian. It is cultured paraphrase in character. At times superlatives become felicitous; for instance, Luke 12:1919And I will say to my soul, Soul, thou hast much goods laid up for many years; take thine ease, eat, drink, and be merry. (Luke 12:19): “I will then say to my soul... Distinguished is thy felicity.”
1770 The New Testament, translated by John Worsley, in modern speech, with footnotes, has some commendable qualities.
1778 The Self-interpreting Bible by John Brown.
The 1814 edition has illustrations.
1785 The Holy Bible, translated by Thomas Wilson, includes his notes in the margin.
1790 The New Testament by William Gilpin. A “modem speech” version. Other editions appeared in 1793, 1798 and 1811
1790-95 Apostolic Epistles (Romans to Jude) A New Translation based on the “Textus Receptus” with a commentary and notes, by James MacKnight, a Presbyterian. Considering the limitations of his day, his work shows faithfulness and quality. His commentary shows conscientious adherence to the Calvinistic doctrine, with a weakness of presenting too many various views.
1791 Old Testament revision of A. V. by H. Roberts.
1791-5 Gilbert Wakefield’s Translation of the New Testament (in two volumes) was based on the “Textus Receptus.” It is known as a Unitarian translation. Revised editions came out in 1795, also 1820. It is similar to the A. V. and Wm. Newcome’s revision of 1796. John 1:11In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. (John 1:1) reads, “In the beginning was Wisdom”; John 10:3636Say ye of him, whom the Father hath sanctified, and sent into the world, Thou blasphemest; because I said, I am the Son of God? (John 10:36): “because I called myself a son of God”; Hebrews 1:88But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: a sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom. (Hebrews 1:8): “but of the son it saith: God is thy throne.”
1792 The New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, from the Latin Vulgate, with annotations. The British Museum has the only copy.
1795 A Translation of the New Testament, by Thomas Haweis (a Methodist until 1764, a disciple of Geo. Whitfield. He was a friend, and became a trustee and executor, of Lady Huntingdon.
1796 The New Testament in an Improved Version. A Revision of the Authorized Version (paragraphed) aided by the use of Griesbach’s text, was done by William Newcome. It has Unitarian Satanic evasion of Christ’s deity, was edited by Thomas Belsham, a Unitarian, in 1808 and published by the Unitarian Society in 1817.
1798 A Translation of the New Testament with notes by Nathaniel Scarlett and three others, is not scholarly but generally sound, in spite of his universalistic tendency. Much is in dialog form.
1799 The Holy Bible, Translated and Interpreted, (also called the MacRae Version, by David MacRae). The preface is signed by J. M. Ray. Some have claimed it was David Ray, who was peculiarly evasive.
1807 The New Testament, translated by Edward Evanson.
1808 Improved Version of the New Testament by Benjamin Boothroyd, a Unitarian printer. The Bible was published in 1817, with footnotes. It is the A. V. corrected.
1808 The Old Testament “The Septuagint Bible” translated from the Septuagint and the New Testament from the Greek by Charles Thomson (a former secretary to Congress for 15 years).
1812 A Modern Translation of the New Testament, (a revision of the A. V.) attributed to W. Williams. Books are chronologically arranged.
1813 The New Testament Revised and corrected, by John McDonald.
1816 The New Testament, from the Greek rather literally by William Thomson, “The Gospels being arranged in harmony.”
1818 The Bellamy Version by John Bellamy.
1819 The New Testament (“an official Unitarian Version”) by Thomas Belsham (chief editor).
1822 The Holy Bible, a New Translation, by A. Alexander, a Quaker.
1823 The Old Testament translated by Asher-Budinger.
1823 The Bible, a revision of A. V. by William Alexander.
1823 The New Testament by Abner Kneeland, a Universalist.
1826 The Sacred Writings, The New Testament, The Gospels 1778 by George Campbell (Presbyterian); the epistles 1795 by James MacKnight (Presbyterian); Acts and Revelation 1765 by Phillip Doddridge. It has 50 pages of Preface and an appendix by Alexander Campbell the editor, 1826, revised 1832. The editor made emendations based on Griesbach’s Greek Text. The “Campbellites” were his followers. He set the date for the Lord’s return to be 1866, in which year he died. The above translations introduced many commendable renderings, as well as some otherwise. John 3:33Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. (John 3:3) reads “he cannot discern, the reign of God.” Hebrews 13:77Remember them which have the rule over you, who have spoken unto you the word of God: whose faith follow, considering the end of their conversation. (Hebrews 13:7): “rulers” instead of “leaders”; 1 Peter 5:22Feed the flock of God which is among you, taking the oversight thereof, not by constraint, but willingly; not for filthy lucre, but of a ready mind; (1 Peter 5:2): “office” is not in the Greek; 1 John 3:44Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for sin is the transgression of the law. (1 John 3:4): “Sin is the transgression of the law” instead of “lawlessness”; Revelation 22:1414Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city. (Revelation 22:14): “Keep his commandments” instead of “wash their robes.”
1828 The Gospel of God’s Anointed (the N. T.) by Alexander Greaves, It is the A. V. corrected.
1828 The New Testament by John Gorham Palfrey, translated in 1776. Corrections of A. V. using Griesbach’s Text.
1832 The New Testament by George Pilkington.
1832 St. Paul’s Epistles illustrated, including a new translation by Charles Eyre, Unitarian.
1833 A Revision of the Bible based on the A. V., giving alternate renderings, by Noah Webster, of dictionary fame. Understandable language was his aim, and many substantial renderings became universally accepted.
1833 A New and Corrected Version of the New Testament (of the A. V.) by Rodolphus Dickinson. It was called a “Minute Revision,” but another has called it “an astonishing exhibition of conceit.”
1834 The Epistles, a paraphrasic translation by Philip Nicholas Shuttleworth.
1834 The English Version of the Polyglott Bible, by Joseph A. Warne.
1836 The New Testament by Alden Bradford.
1836 The New Covenant, a revision of The New Testament by Grandville Penn. Its renderings are variable. 1 John 3:44Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for sin is the transgression of the law. (1 John 3:4) is as wrong as the A. V.
1836 The New Testament by Dr. John Lingard, a Catholic.
1837 A Free and Explanatory Version of the Epistles by Edward Barlee. Much is the A. V. in style.
1837 The New Testament, a New Version by Townsend, chronologically arranged.
1839 A Literal Translation of the Epistles and the Revelation, with a concurrent commentary, by William Heberden, (physician to King George III at Windsor).
1840 The New Testament by Edgar Taylor, Dissenter. He used Griesbach’s 1805 text to correct the A. V.
1840 The New Testament, translated from J. J. Griesbach’s text, by Samuel Sharpe, a Unitarian who served on the Revised Version committee. It shows a lack of spirituality. He translated the Old Testament in 1865 but not until 1881 were both published as “The Holy Bible.” Isaiah 7:1414Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel. (Isaiah 7:14) reads “the young woman”; Isaiah 9:66For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. (Isaiah 9:6): (“Hezekiah’s son”)— “and the government shall be upon his shoulder,—and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God”; Micah. 5:2: “thou Bethlehem... out of thee goeth forth for me he (Zerubbabel) that is to be ruler”; Matthew 1:2323Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us. (Matthew 1:23): “the maiden”; John 11:2626And whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die. Believest thou this? (John 11:26): “will not die till the end of the age.”
1841 The New Testament, the A. V. with nearly 20,000 emendations, by Dr. J. T. Conquest, a medical doctor. His preface mentions about 300 authorities!
1842 The Holy Bible by “Several Biblical Scholars.” The New Testament was by Francis Patrick (or A. C.) Kendrick; the Old Testament by Geo. Ripley Bliss, etc.
1843 The New Testament by Sir John Clarke.
1844 The Septuagint Version (in English) of the Old Testament is according to the Vatican text, translated by Sir Lancelot Charles Lee Brenton.
1845 The Torah in the Hebrew and English, The Law of God, by Isaac Leeser. The complete Old Testament was published in 1853 in two volumes.
1845 The Holy Bible Revised, including the A. V. and the R. V. in parallel columns and his own commentary, by T. S. Hussey. His own revision is not very extensive.
1848 The New Testament by F. Barnham.
1848 The New Testament. This is claimed to be Wycliff e’s, but this is very doubtful according to Coslet.
1848 The New Testament by Jonathan Morgan, a Universalist.
1849 Acts, Epistles and Revelation from ancient Syriac, by J. W. Etheridge.
1849 The Good News of Our Lord Jesus (New Testament) by Nathan N. Whiting, an Adventist. Uses A. V. as basis.
1850 The Bible Revised by Francis Berham.
1850 The New Testament by Spencer H. Cone and William H. Wyokoff. The A. V. with several emendations.
1850 The New Testament by W. H. Hewett, Esq. He used the Latin Vulgate. It is illustrated.
1850-60 “The Four Gospels,” a revision of the Rhemish translation of the Vulgate, by Francis Patrick Kenrick, a Catholic scholar with a real heart for the Word of God. His footnotes are of a better order. Also Acts, Epistles and Revelation 1851, Psalms to Canticles 1857, Job and Prophets 1859, Pentateuch and Historical books 1860. Roman Catholics have said “his work never met with general acceptance.” No wonder.
1850 The New Testament, “Spiritual Version” by?
1851-64 The Old Testament translated by Abraham Benisch, a Jewish scholar.
1852 The New Testament (omits Mark, Luke, John) by Hezekiah Woodruff.
1854 The Epistles of Paul (including Hebrews as written by Paul) is a commendable translation by W. J. Conybeare. It is in “The Life and Epistles of Paul” by Conybeare and Howson.
1854 The Epistles of Paul, an original translation with critical notes and introduction (the Revelation added in 1858) by Joseph Turnbull.
1858 The Epistles of Paul by T. H. Scrivener.
1858 The New Testament (to Revelation 12 only), was translated very literally in modern speech, by Leicester Ambrose Sawyer, based on Tischendorf’s 1850 edition. Disregarding chapters, he numbered paragraphs, such as “Mark 17,” “Luke 32,” “John 22,” etc. Several years later he attempted the Old Testament but did not include Genesis. He was an avowed rationalist.
1859 A Revised Translation of The New Testament by William G. Cookesley.
1861 The New Testament “Revised and Corrected by the spirits.” Thorn of New York.
1862 A Revised Translation of the New Testament by H. Highton. It is a revision of the A. V.
1862 The Holy Scriptures of the Old Covenant, a Revised Translation by Charles Wellbeloved, George Vance Smith and John Scott Porter.
1862 The New Testament, corrected by a committee of the American Bible Union, T. J. Conant and others. It was revised in 1865.
1862 Young’s Literal Translation of the Holy Bible, by Robert Young (well-known for his Young’s Analytical Concordance). He revised it in 1887 and others further revised it in 1898, using the Westcott and Hort text. He limited himself to the “received text” of Stephens. He aimed at accuracy in the Hebrew tenses. Wherever the Hebrew expresses that which is yet future by using the past tense, he too has done the same in English. In keeping to the Hebrew his English, at times, becomes difficult or misleading. He blundered in the first verse of the Bible; “In the beginning of God’s preparing the heavens and the earth”; Acts 2:3333Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear. (Acts 2:33) reads “at the right hand” instead of “by the right hand”; John 1:33All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made. (John 1:3): “all things through Him did happen, and without Him, happened not even one thing that happened”; John 1:2929The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world. (John 1:29): “Who is taking away the sin of the world”; 2 Peter 3:99The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance. (2 Peter 3:9); “but all to pass on to reformation,” etc. Nevertheless it contains thousands of corrections to our Authorized Version translated from the same Greek text. He places Philemon after Hebrews.
1864 The Emphatic Diaglott by Benjamin Wilson, includes Griesbach’s Greek with interlinear English. But it robs Christ of His deity, and confuses the reader on very many points of doctrine! It has found favor among such as the so-called “Jehovah’s Witnesses.”
1864 An English Version of the New Testament from the text of the Vatican manuscript, by Herman Heinfetter, actually F. Parker. It is rather literal.
1864 The Twofold New Testament, with Greek text, translated in 1857 by Thomas Sheldon Green, has the A. V. corrected.
1864 The New Testament, translated by Henry Tomkins Anderson. After the appearance of Tischendorf’s Greek New Testament, he produced another Translation which was not published until 1918.
1866 The New Testament. American Bible Union Version, by A. Hovey, J. A. Broadus and H. D. Weston.
1867 The Inspired Version of the Holy Scriptures, by Joseph Smith Jr (“the seer”) completed in 1833 when he was 28 years old. It claimed to be “an inspired translation of the Authorized Version.” But it is a deliberately wicked and wild perversion by which he has dared to serve Satan in shocking and ridiculous changes and additions to ensnare the gullible. It includes “A Revelation given to Joseph the Seer, June, A. D. 1830,” which was “dug up from the earth near Palmyra.” “This wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly, sensual, devilish.” Of all translations it is the worst mutilation.
1867-69 The New Testament, newly compared with the original Greek, and revised by Dean Henry Alford, after he completed his own Greek text which leaned too much on the earlier uncials. His work influenced the Revised Version of 1881 along with Westcott and Hort. (In 1863 he published the Authorized Version with marginal renderings). A new edition (about 1963) carries emendations by Dr. Edward F. Harrison.
1869 The New Testament, (a pocket edition), translated from the Greek text of Tischendorf, by Robert Ainslie. It is the Authorized Version except where Tischendorf differs.
1869 The New Testament, translated by George B. Noyes, from Tischendorf’s text, for the Unitarian Association. The Old Testament was translated in 1833-37.
1869 The New Testament, based on the Authorized Version, with various readings in footnotes, based on “the three most celebrated manuscripts” by Constantine Tischendorf, who was infatuated with his Sinaitic find, and overrated the three major uncials. See also 1883.
1870 The New Testament, translated by John Bowes, a Methodist. He used the three major uncials.
1871 The Holy Bible. Old Testament was translated by F. W. Gotch; the New Testament by G. A. Jacob. It is the A. V. with emendations in brackets.
1871 The Old Testament, Hebrew and English with Apocrypha, by Jacob Levi Levinski.
1872 The Epistles of Paul in Commentaries of Charles J. Ellicott.
1872 The New Testament, (also the Old Testament 1902) Newly Translated and Critically Emphasized, by Joseph Bryant Rotherham. He confined himself to the text of Tregelles. The first two editions, 1872 and 1878, published by Samuel Bagster and Sons, were a contribution to translation, although his efforts were overly given to elocution. It has value in the correct renderings of many verbal tenses and has been much used because it is scholarly above many. However the later editions have dangerous tendencies in that he became an annihilationist, holding conditional immortality and non-eternal punishment! In the later editions, in Matthew 25:4646And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: but the righteous into life eternal. (Matthew 25:46) he uses the word “correction” instead of “punishment.” He questions the word “aionos” as meaning endless, eternal, although it is that very word which is used to describe the being of God, the Holy Spirit, etc. He punctuates Luke 23:4343And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise. (Luke 23:43) with a colon after “today.” Cults favoring his errors use it. The so-called “Jehovah’s Witnesses” make much of it.
1875 The New Testament, a New Translation, by John Brown McClellan.
1875 The New Testament, translated from Tischendorf’s text by Samuel Davidson, a Presbyterian.
1876 The Bible translated by Mrs. Julia E. Smith Parker (sometimes called the Parker Version). She used one English word for one Hebrew or Greek word and often made nonsense by this literalness.
1877 The Pocket Paragraph Bible by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode.
1877 The Englishman’s Greek New Testament, gives the Greek text of Stephens 1550, with an interlinear translation in English, also the Authorized Version in a side margin. At the bottom of the page, footnotes give the variant readings of Elzevirs, Griesbach, Lachmann, Tischendorf, Tregelles, Alford and Wordsworth. Their various readings are also in the back of G. V. Wigram’s “Englishman’s Greek Concordance.”
Its introduction well states that it is “intended for private study and not to be flourished before the inexperienced. Nothing can be more unseemly than for the unskillful to be always correcting everybody with their literal translations and various readings, distressing simple souls rather than seeking that which tends to godly edifying.”
1877 The New Testament Revised from the oldest uncials, by John Angus Richter.
1877 Revised English Bible, “correcting indisputable errors and inadequate renderings of the Authorized Version” by John Gurney, editor, assisted by F. W. Gotch, B. Davis, G. A. Jacobs and S. G. Green.
1880 The Old Testament by Hermann Gollancz, Jewish.
1881 “The Speaker’s Commentary” in ten volumes, includes a commendable revision of the Authorized Version edited by F. C. Cook.
1881 The Sinai and Comparative New Testament by Edwin Leigh. It is the A. V. with various readings.
1881 The New Testament by S. Williams.
1881 The Greek Text Englished, (New Testament). It shows the Greek as well as the English. By William Burton Crickmer.
1881 The New Translation (third edition) by John Nelson Darby. God has been pleased to enable this servant of His to translate His Holy Word most faithfully from the best Hebrew and Greek sources, not only into English but also into French and German (called the “Elberfeld Translation”). All three are excellent, even though perfection in this field does not exist. Occasionally there appear words that technically might have been more correctly rendered, such as: in Exodus: “bysus” instead of “fine linen”; Song of Solomon 3:55I charge you, O ye daughters of Jerusalem, by the roes, and by the hinds of the field, that ye stir not up, nor awake my love, till he please. (Song of Solomon 3:5): “She” for “he.”; Matthew, Luke and John: “(the) cock,” but in Mark 14:6868But he denied, saying, I know not, neither understand I what thou sayest. And he went out into the porch; and the cock crew. (Mark 14:68), “a cock”; Mark 4:3737And there arose a great storm of wind, and the waves beat into the ship, so that it was now full. (Mark 4:37): “the waves beat” instead of “were beating”; Luke 5:66And when they had this done, they inclosed a great multitude of fishes: and their net brake. (Luke 5:6): “net broke” instead of “nets were breaking”; Acts 17:2323For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you. (Acts 17:23): “The Unknown God” instead of “An Unknown God”;
Romans 16:1717Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine which ye have learned; and avoid them. (Romans 16:17): “who create divisions” instead of “making”; 1 Corinthians 13:1111When I was a child, I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child: but when I became a man, I put away childish things. (1 Corinthians 13:11), Galatians 4:11Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all; (Galatians 4:1) and 2 Timothy 3:1515And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. (2 Timothy 3:15): “child” instead of “babe.” Such are minor imperfections.
He ever aimed at faithfulness in giving the true sense. Often in most valuable footnotes he gives further consideration and references to other scriptures and to manuscript witnesses. Although many spiritual and unbiased teachers esteem it the highest, some of the religious leaders from sectarian schools of theology have not relished its uncompromising renderings and therefore avoid it.
Again we quote, “A spiritual man is less liable to err than a great scholar,” as every passage has to be thoroughly examined by weighing all the witnesses and that in subjection to the general teaching of Scripture, in dependence upon God’s gracious guidance. Nothing can outweigh the importance of a close walk with God in order to be well taught as to His mind in His word, to enable one by its own internal evidence to determine aright just what is the true text.
1881-1905 William Kelly, of like ability to Mr. Darby, would not complete his own very similar translation, out of respect for that of Mr. Darby. His own translation of Job, Psalms and all of the New Testament, except the Gospels and Peter’s Epistles, appear in his expository volumes. His superior acumen in weighing the worth of various readings and manuscripts removes nearly all doubts.
1881 The English Revised Version New Testament, (the complete Bible in 1885). About 54 scholars (including one Unitarian) spent 14½ years in its preparation. Two million were ordered before it was published. Matthew to Romans (118,000 words) was telegraphed from New York to Chicago—the longest telegraphic message ever sent. It does have some 6000 or more changes, some for the worse, as Matthew 11:1919The Son of man came eating and drinking, and they say, Behold a man gluttonous, and a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners. But wisdom is justified of her children. (Matthew 11:19): “works” instead of “children”; yet many for the better, but it shows an excessive adherence to the Westcott and Hort leanings. Their scholastic prestige gained the ascendancy over the better spiritual judgment of Scrivener, thus diverting the course ever since toward enthroning scholarship.
Mr. Darby was very apprehensive concerning the Revised New Testament and wrote: “Where the Word of God is in question, our minds should rise above all considerations but one: Is the mind of God, as given in His Word, substantially afforded us in what we possess in the Revision?... But I do not see the mind of Christ, the spiritual-mindedness which alone can reproduce the word of God... The Revisers have mischievously erred as to the use of prepositions, particularly ‘en’, to have been entirely ignorant of the force of the definite article, and to have made a mess of the Greek aorist, blundering as to the Greek and English.” (Coll. Writings, Vol. 33, pages 131, 132, 180).
The Bible Society’s 1920 report showed that less than two per cent of Bibles sold were the Revised Version. Nevertheless many of its renderings are commendable.
1881 B. F. Wescott and F. J. Hort edited their Greek text, The New Testament, from the original Greek. It has greatly influenced the majority of scholars ever since. They were arbitrarily venturesome in altering the text freely, as biased by an unwarranted and excessive adherence to the most ancient Sinaitic and Vaticanus Uncials. Although several centuries of the worst ecclesiastical corruptions had tainted these ancient records, they gave less heed to many other worthy more true-to-the-mind-of-God witnesses, and thus set the pattern for the modern trend concerning the various manuscripts. J. N. D. wrote, “The earliest editions are by no means the most trustworthy” as “the worst corruptions... originated within a hundred years after it was composed.” The unscriptural mind is not equal to perceiving the purer text of some later copies made from earlier ones, if not the original parchments. This bewilders mere scholarship. Every passage should be patiently and very seriously examined in the presence of the whole array of witnesses in dependence on God’s help.
1882 The New Testament by Wendell.
1883 The Good News, according to Codex Sinaiticus by Constantine Tischendorf.
1883 T. H. Scrivener’s “A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament,” in 500 pages, most ably weighs all these questions. His Cambridge Paragraph Bible of 1873 gives a most faithful and scholarly correction of the Authorized Version. Also J. W. Burgon’s “Revision Revised” shows superior discernment and spiritual judgment which exposes the erring trend of the notable scholars of his day. Well did he write: “Shame—yes, shame on the learning which comes abroad only to perplex the weak, and unsettle the doubting, and mislead the blind!... occupied themselves with falsifying the inspired Greek Text in countless places, and branding with suspicion some of the most precious utterances of the Spirit! Shame—yes, shame on them!” Scrivener was on the Revised Version staff but given little heed to by the majority. Hort’s “Introduction” has been unwarrantably preferred and become popular in our intellectual day.
1884 The Holy Bible by Oakley and Iaw.
1884-5 The New Testament by John Wesley Hanson, a Universalist, claims to be the A. V. corrected. (?)
1885 The New Testament, “The Teachings and Acts of Jesus of Nazareth and His Apostles,” by W. D. Dillard.
1885 Translation of the New Testament by W. B. Godbey, dedicated to “The Holiness People.” He omits the beginning of John 8 and the end of Mark, parallels the gospels, and supplies references suiting their doctrines. Poverty of understanding the truth of God is sadly noticeable.
1885 A Translation of the Old Testament from the Hebrew text of Benjamin Boothroyd, by Helen Spurrell. She uses the name “Jehovah.”
1886 The Holy Bible, translated by Bartlett-Peters.
1887 The Englishman’s Bible, by Thomas Newberry, is the Authorized Version with many accurate marginal renderings of words and phrases. Then he has incorporated in the text his own system of symbols to indicate important grammatical precisions and the precise tense of the Hebrew and of the Greek verb; also the presence or absence of the definite article “the.” Emphatic pronouns appear in Old English type. The work embodies a sound and reliable heritage for the diligent student of God’s Word. It was published in three sizes: Library, Portable and Pocket; also part of it, “The English-Greek New Testament.” (The word Greek is hardly warrantable.)
1890 A Translation of the Epistles of Paul, (Romans to Philemon only), from the Peshito Syriac in one column and from a so-called “Inspired Greek Text” in the adjoining column, is by William Norton. Where they do not agree it becomes optional with the reader.
1890-1902 The Numerical Bible, by F. W. Grant, aided later by Samuel Ridout in preparing the incomplete work of seven volumes. It contains Mr. Grant’s able translation accompanied with his commentary, which perhaps over-emphasized numerical structure to the point of being fanciful. In a few things his own faulty teachings diverge from those held by more solid teachers of the Word of God. Nevertheless his translation is among the best.
1892 The New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ by John Joynson. Has many alterations to the A. V.
1895 New Testament in Modern English (The Bible in 1903) by Ferror Fenton. He used the Westcott and Hort Greek Text. His presumptuous Introduction is revoltingly flattering to himself, as being uniquely fitted above all others to translate. His initials should be “I. I. I.” “The best are they who most know their own nothingness,” wrote Wm. Kelly. It is scholarly but inferior. Genesis 1:11In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. (Genesis 1:1) reads “By periods God created”; John 1:1111He came unto his own, and his own received him not. (John 1:11): “He came to His own home; but His own family did not welcome Him”; John 6:6868Then Simon Peter answered him, Lord, to whom shall we go? thou hast the words of eternal life. (John 6:68): “You have ideals of eternal life.” He says John’s Gospel was first to be written and that in Hebrew!
1895 The Modern Reader’s Bible, was in two volumes, but later, in 1907, in one volume. It includes three Apocryphal books, edited by Richard Green Moulton, who used the English Revised Version, with academic changes of wording to suit modern “literary structure.” One fails to find spiritual perception in this scholarly undertaking, with its 350 pages of pedantic notes.
1897 The New Testament Emphasized, by Horace E. Morrow.
1897 The New Dispensation, The New Testament, by Robert D. Weeks. He used principally the Greek Text of Westcott and Hort. He shows considerable ability as a translator, with numerous exceptions.
1898 The Coptic Version of the New Testament, (in English), edited by Geo. William Horner, used principally the Memphitic and Bohairic dialects of Egypt. He aimed at literalism.
1898 Nestle’s Greek New Testament, from the texts of Tischendorf, Westcott and Hort and Bernard Weiss, adopts what two, out of three are agreed upon. Succeeding editions seek to embrace substantial corrections—the 25th in 1963 and the 26th expected in 1969. It aims to represent the sum of modern scholarship. Headquarters are in Stuttgart, Germany. It relegates John 7:53-8:1153And every man went unto his own house. 1Jesus went unto the mount of Olives. 2And early in the morning he came again into the temple, and all the people came unto him; and he sat down, and taught them. 3And the scribes and Pharisees brought unto him a woman taken in adultery; and when they had set her in the midst, 4They say unto him, Master, this woman was taken in adultery, in the very act. 5Now Moses in the law commanded us, that such should be stoned: but what sayest thou? 6This they said, tempting him, that they might have to accuse him. But Jesus stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground, as though he heard them not. 7So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself, and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her. 8And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground. 9And they which heard it, being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, beginning at the eldest, even unto the last: and Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst. 10When Jesus had lifted up himself, and saw none but the woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers? hath no man condemned thee? 11She said, No man, Lord. And Jesus said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and sin no more. (John 7:53‑8:11) to a footnote. It fails on Luke 6:11And it came to pass on the second sabbath after the first, that he went through the corn fields; and his disciples plucked the ears of corn, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands. (Luke 6:1) using “a sabbath” instead of “the second-first sabbath.” It omits “who is in heaven,” John 3:1313And no man hath ascended up to heaven, but he that came down from heaven, even the Son of man which is in heaven. (John 3:13); etc.
1898 The Twentieth Century New Testament (revised 1940), is based on the Westcott and Hort text by a company of 20 persons, headed by Mrs. Mary Higgs in England, and Ernest de Merindol Malan in the U. S.; published by Moody Press in 1961. Matthew 16:1818And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. (Matthew 16:18) reads “Peter the Rock”; John 5:2424Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that heareth my word, and believeth on him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and shall not come into condemnation; but is passed from death unto life. (John 5:24): “has immortal life,” as also John 3:15, 16, 3615That whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life. 16For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. (John 3:15‑16)
36He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he that believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him. (John 3:36), etc., instead of “eternal life.” John 8:5858Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am. (John 8:58) reads “I was” instead of “I am”; Titus 3:55Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; (Titus 3:5): “that washing which was a new birth”; Hebrews 1:88But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: a sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom. (Hebrews 1:8): “God is thy throne.”
1899 The Sacred Books of the Old and New Testaments, edited by Paul Haupt and Horace Howard Furness, called the Polychrome Bible, nicknamed the “Rainbow Bible” because printed on colored paper, each given some particular significance.
1899 The New Testament, translated by Frank Schnell Ballantine.
1899 The New Testament by Charles Foster Kent. See 1904— “The Student’s Old Testament.” See also 1911.
1900 The Epistles of the New Testament, translated in current idiom, by Henry Hayman.
1901 The New Testament in Braid Scots. Translated by William Wye Smith, published in Paisley, Scotland. It is broad enough Scotch to be unrecognizable in English.
1901 The American Standard Version was undertaken by about 35 scholars (including one Unitarian). It has gained much favor because it is not as venturesome as the English Revision. It is in company with modern scholarship. In 2 Timothy 3:1616All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: (2 Timothy 3:16) it reads “Every scripture inspired” instead of “Every scripture is inspired,” as given in the footnote. “Is” must be interpolated to give the truth according to the context and all divine revelation. Matthew 11:1919The Son of man came eating and drinking, and they say, Behold a man gluttonous, and a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners. But wisdom is justified of her children. (Matthew 11:19) reads “works” instead of “children.”
1901 The Letters of St. Paul, revised in 1904, by Arthur S. Way. It includes Hebrews, but denies that Paul was the author. It is expanded into paraphrase approximating a commentary. Christ is rendered “Messiah.” Hebrews 10:2222Let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience, and our bodies washed with pure water. (Hebrews 10:22) reads, “having our bodies bathed in the pure water of baptism.”
1903 The New Testament in Modern Speech, by Richard Francis Weymouth, (with 60 years study of Greek and English) is based on his own resultant Greek Testament of 1886. It has critical footnotes by Ernest Hampden Cook, which are often unsound. Much is commendable, more so than most of the modern speech paraphrases. The 1943 edition, revised by James Alex. Robertson, introduced many revisions and changes, with liberal ideas of authorship and textual criticism, besides being often questionable as to faithfully expressing the true text. A “Universalism” tendency is found in Romans 5:1919For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. (Romans 5:19); “Through the obedience of One the mass of mankind will be made righteous,” instead of “many will be constituted righteous.” Also in 1 John 2:22And he is the propitiation for our sins: and not for ours only, but also for the sins of the whole world. (1 John 2:2); it reads, “for the sins of the whole world,” which goes beyond the Word of God.
1904 The Student’s Old Testament (6 volumes) by Charles Foster Kent, a modernist. It contains translation, notes, maps, charts, history, facts and fancy crediting natural development of tradition instead of the verbal inspiration of the Word of God! See 1899, also 1911.
1904 The New Testament, Revised and Translated, based on the Westcott and Hort Greek Text, as modified by E. H. Scrivener, by A. S. Worrell.
1905 The New Testament, a revision of the A. V., by Samuel Lloyd, assisted by other scholars, aided by Nestle’s text. It has 18 pages of evangelical appeal to the reader, and in the main is commendable.
1908 The Holy Bible for Daily Reading, a new revision by J. W. Genders.
1911 The Shorter Bible by Charles Foster Kent, (see 1899, also 1904). This is a venturesome rearrangement of the text into supposed chronological order with the assistance of four others.
1911 The 1911 Bible is based on the Authorized Version of 1611. After 300 years it is paragraphed and amended where most reliable scholars agree. It uses the Scofield Bible references. It was prepared by 34 American scholars, and has been used some by preachers.
1912 The Holy Bible—An Improved Edition, (being the fourth edition of the Bible Union Version which was issued by American Baptist Publishing). It has footnotes of a commentary nature by Barnard Cook Taylor, W. R. Sampey, I. M. Price and J. M. Smith.
1913 The Historical New Testament: A New Translation, by James Moffatt, (an experimental and distinct translation, appeared in 1901). He based it on the Greek text of Herman von Soden. It is modern literal scholarship, therefore unreliable, even though it has gained too many admirers because of his masterful diction. He paraphrased to the extreme, resulting often in dangerous interpretation. It claims chronological order of the books, has introductions and critical notes. He added to it the Old Testament in 1924, and the complete Bible was published in 1926. Final revisions were made in 1935 but the 96th reprint of the New Testament was published in 1946. John 1:11In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. (John 1:1) reads “the Logos was divine” instead of “the Logos was God.” In Matthew 1:1616And Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ. (Matthew 1:16) Joseph is said to be “the father of Jesus”! It omits 1 Timothy 5:2323Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities. (1 Timothy 5:23) without authority. Philippians 2:1212Wherefore, my beloved, as ye have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling. (Philippians 2:12) reads “Work at... your salvation.”
1913 The New Testament, The Authorized Version Corrected, by Sir Edward Clarke. As a student of the English language his aim has been to improve on the expressions of the A. V. by using the R. V.
1914 The New Testament from the Greek Text, as established by Bible Numerics, was edited by Ivan Panin. He uses the Westcott and Hort text when it suits him to establish his own text, and lends himself to the Revised Version. He claims minute literalness, “an indisputable text,” warranted by the intrinsic numerical structure of every word in relation to the contextual words, but not all of his claims prove to be correct. Dissecting the flower and losing the fragrance is like the scribes’ and Pharisees’ occupation with every jot and tittle.
1914 The Restored New Testament by James Morgan Pryse. Illustrated.
1914 The New Testament, a revision of the A. V. and E. R. V. as aided by Nestle’s Greek Testament, by E. E. Cunningham. It contains many technical corrections of grammar as well as translation. Hebrews 5:77Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared; (Hebrews 5:7) reading, “bring him safe out of death,” is commendable; Romans 5:11Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ: (Romans 5:1): “Let us continue in peace” makes it exhortation! Matthew 19:99And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery. (Matthew 19:9); comment in Introduction “an exception. We need not accept these words as coming from the Lord.”! A revised edition appeared in 1935.
1917 The Twenty-four Books of the Holy Scriptures, (the Old Testament), according to the Masoretic Text, (“Baers Text”) in two volumes. This was undertaken by a number of Jewish scholars and published by the Jewish Publication Society. The preface is by Alex. Harkavy. They call it their A. V. Much of it is the A. V. Cyrus Adler was the chief scholar. The 1922 edition has engravings.
1918 The New Testament by E. S. Buchanan.
1918 The Old Testament by John Edgar McFadyen.
1920 The Old Testament by G. Currie Martin, T. H. Robinson.
1923 The New Testament, An American Translation, by Edgar J. Goodspeed. He used the Westcott and Hort text. It is definitely biased by the liberal University of Chicago theology. In John 6:7070Jesus answered them, Have not I chosen you twelve, and one of you is a devil? (John 6:70), Judas Iscariot is described as an “informer.” 1 Peter 3:1919By which also he went and preached unto the spirits in prison; (1 Peter 3:19) reads “Enoch went and preached even to those spirits” instead of Noah. It was revised in 1939 by T. J. Meeks and the Apocrypha books were added.
1923 The Riverside New Testament, by William Ballantine (Congregationalist) is a modern speech translation. He used the Nestle’s text of 1901. He omits verse numbers from the paragraphs. It was revised in 1934.
1924-28 The Old Testament by Elizabeth Czarnomska.
1924 The New Testament in Modem English, called also “The Centenary Translation” by Mrs. Helen Barrett Montgomery, a licensed Baptist minister. It includes introductory notes prefacing each book. After 14 editions it is still much commended. However, her limitations are apparent by such renderings as 1 John 1:77But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin. (1 John 1:7): “the blood of Jesus Christ is cleansing us”; Romans 5:1919For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. (Romans 5:19): “by the obedience of One shall all the rest be made righteous”; 1 John 4:1717Herein is our love made perfect, that we may have boldness in the day of judgment: because as he is, so are we in this world. (1 John 4:17): “we are living in the world as He lived.” She applies Romans 8:1111But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you. (Romans 8:11) to us now instead of to our future resurrection. She omits 1 Timothy 5:2222Lay hands suddenly on no man, neither be partaker of other men's sins: keep thyself pure. (1 Timothy 5:22) without authority.
1924 The New Testament, called “Triumphant Christ Version” by Arthur E. Overbury, (“Christian Scientist”).
1926 The Concordant Version of the Sacred Scriptures, or “Concordant Literal,” (The New Testament only) by Adolph E. Knock of Los Angeles. It has parallel columns, one containing running comments, the other his translation, and on the opposite page Uncial Greek with interlinear. In 74 pages of pretentious introduction, he boasts that it is “based upon an exclusive English equivalent for each Greek element,” and carries this to ridiculous lengths. This is a fallacious mechanical limitation which ignores the flexible various uses of words in both languages. Ignoring superior texts he produces one in uncials! He confines himself to four manuscripts: Aleph, B, and A, using B2 for the Apocalypse. Granting that these are well rated ancient manuscripts, they are not to be solely relied upon in every particular, ignoring over 4000 others and thousands more of other witnesses. He teaches the restoration of all the lost! denies eternal punishment! denies that believers have eternal life! and is false on the Trinity. He rashly declares that James, Peter, Jude, John, also Hebrews do not apply at all to the present interval. He attributes “The Chief of this World” to Christ rather than to Satan in John 16:1111Of judgment, because the prince of this world is judged. (John 16:11) (linked with 12:31 and 14:30). 1 Peter 3:2121The like figure whereunto even baptism doth also now save us (not the putting away of the filth of the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience toward God,) by the resurrection of Jesus Christ: (1 Peter 3:21) reads “Not of-flesh from placing of-filth but of conscience good inquiry into God thru up-standing of Jesus anointed.” His “Keyward Concordance” is more voluminous than the New Testament. It was revised in 1930. The Old Testament in 1959.
1926 The New Testament of Jesus Christ “from authentical Latin.” Introduction by Gilbert R. Hudleston,
1927 The Bible: An American Translation (the Old Testament) by J. W. Powis Smith, a modernist.
1928 The Old Testament with illustrations by I. M. Rubin.
1928 The New Testament, translated by Geo. N. LeFevre, chiefly from Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus.
1929 The New Testament in Blank Verse, by George W. Wolff.
1934 The Epistles and Gospels with some prayers by Thomas Fletcher Boyd, using the Westcott and Hort text.
1934 Documents of the New Testament, by Dr. G. W. Wade. It is similar to James Moffatt’s translation, very critical, too modernistic for safety. For instance, he renders “If ye then be risen with Christ” (Col. 3:11If ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God. (Colossians 3:1)) as follows: “If then after being immersed in the waters of Baptism, you emerged from them and were thereby symbolically raised with the Christ.”
1937 The New Testament Retranslated by William Wallace Martin. He arbitrarily divided the epistles and credited others as authors!
1937 The New Testament by Johannes Greber, a German Spiritualist (formerly a Catholic priest). Parts are based on Codex Bezae. It is “somewhat eccentric.”
1937 The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, by Seymour Hobart Spencer (Francis Aloysius Spencer), a Catholic production with their footnotes. Much is commendable. In John 1:4242And he brought him to Jesus. And when Jesus beheld him, he said, Thou art Simon the son of Jona: thou shalt be called Cephas, which is by interpretation, A stone. (John 1:42), “Rock” should read “stone”; John 4:66Now Jacob's well was there. Jesus therefore, being wearied with his journey, sat thus on the well: and it was about the sixth hour. (John 4:6) should read “noon” instead of “six P. M.” (Roman time); John 19:1414And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King! (John 19:14) should have “noon” instead of “six A. M.”). Ephesians 1:2222And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church, (Ephesians 1:22) reads “made Him Supreme Head of the Church.” The footnote on 1 Timothy 2:1515Notwithstanding she shall be saved in childbearing, if they continue in faith and charity and holiness with sobriety. (1 Timothy 2:15) has “The children of Mary brings salvation to mothers.” Hebrews 13:77Remember them which have the rule over you, who have spoken unto you the word of God: whose faith follow, considering the end of their conversation. (Hebrews 13:7) and 17 have “prelates” instead of leaders. It has been revised by a Jesuit, John Bligh.
1937-46 Translation of the New Testament, (in 12 volume Commentary) by Richard Charles Henry Lenski.
1937 The New Testament: A translation in the Language of the People by Charles B. Williams, based upon the Westcott and Hort text. Its introduction states: “In the minds of many exacting Greek scholars this is the best translation of the New Testament existing in the English language.” In Luke 6:11And it came to pass on the second sabbath after the first, that he went through the corn fields; and his disciples plucked the ears of corn, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands. (Luke 6:1) he renders it “One sabbath” instead of “the second-first Sabbath.” In Acts 5:3232And we are his witnesses of these things; and so is also the Holy Ghost, whom God hath given to them that obey him. (Acts 5:32), Romans 1:55By whom we have received grace and apostleship, for obedience to the faith among all nations, for his name: (Romans 1:5) and 16:26, he applies “obedience” to “practice” instead of to the initial submission to the gospel. In 1 Corinthians 15:4949And as we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly. (1 Corinthians 15:49) he has “let us also reflect the likeness of the man from heaven” instead of “we shall bear the image of the heavenly.” This is an instance, as well as that of Romans 5:11Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ: (Romans 5:1), where the mass of authorities support a false reading which is unsupportable by the context. It is of vital importance to the truth declared in the gospel of God’s grace that every one who believes it has peace with God as solid as the work of Christ; also that in the resurrection we shall bear His image.
1 John 1:77But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin. (1 John 1:7) reads, “If we continue to live in the light... the blood of Jesus His Son continues to cleanse.” This is a dangerous legal note. The beneficial cleansing is made to depend upon consistent living. Whereas every child of God no longer walks in darkness but in the light where the efficacy of the precious blood never abates. He translates 1 John 3:33And every man that hath this hope in him purifieth himself, even as he is pure. (1 John 3:3): “Everyone who has this hope in him tries to make himself as pure as He is.” It is not a matter of trying, but that faith’s contemplation of being with and like Him purifies by eclipsing baser things.
1938 The New Testament, A Translation by Edgar Lewis Clementson.
1938 The Book of Books, a translation of the New Testament, by Richard Mercer Wilson. He obtained help from too many scholars. Matthew 19:2424And again I say unto you, It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God. (Matthew 19:24): “It is easier for a rope to go thru an eye of a needle.” John 21:2525And there are also many other things which Jesus did, the which, if they should be written every one, I suppose that even the world itself could not contain the books that should be written. Amen. (John 21:25) is omitted. Romans 6:33Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ were baptized into his death? (Romans 6:3): “were baptized to die with him.” 1 Corinthians 9:2727But I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection: lest that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself should be a castaway. (1 Corinthians 9:27): “became” instead of “be.” Ephesians 2:2121In whom all the building fitly framed together groweth unto an holy temple in the Lord: (Ephesians 2:21): “every building” instead of “all the building.” 1 Timothy 3:11This is a true saying, If a man desire the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work. (1 Timothy 3:1): “the office of a bishop” instead of “to exercise oversight.” Hebrews 5:77Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared; (Hebrews 5:7): “from” instead of “out of,” i. e. resurrection. Hebrews 12:22Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith; who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God. (Hebrews 12:2): “our faith.” Not our, since it was His in His own walk.
1939 The Book of Life, New Testament, by Zed Hopeful Copp.
1940 The Modern New Testament, according to the Eastern Text, Peshito, translated by Geo. M. Lamsa. Other Aramic manuscripts were used for 2 Peter, 3 John, Jude and Revelation. As a translation it is lacking in many respects, yet selling, as also his other books. The entire Bible was published in 1957. Several readings are as follows:
1941 (?) The New Testament with Brief Notes, by Geo. W. Clark and J. M. Pendleton. In the extensive footnotes they have endeavored to give a condensed interpretation which is apparently free from noxious intent.
1941 The Basic English New Testament, (The Bible in Basic English published in 1947). It was edited under the direction of S. H. Hooke and C. K. Ogden. Its vocabulary is virtually limited to 850 simple words (at the most 1000). This fallacious principle handicaps adequate expression of the delicate Greek language. It may be helpful to simple minds.
1941 The Confraternity New Testament, was translated rather literally by some 27 Catholic scholars, with Edward P. Arbez as chairman. It is a revision of the Challoner-Rheims Version, which was based on the Latin Vulgate. While its introductions, footnotes and glossary are not always reliable, the translation is in the main surprisingly literal, and rarely amiss. It fails as most do on Luke 6:11And it came to pass on the second sabbath after the first, that he went through the corn fields; and his disciples plucked the ears of corn, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands. (Luke 6:1), Romans 5:11Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ: (Romans 5:1) and 1 Corinthians 15:4949And as we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly. (1 Corinthians 15:49). Some remarks in the front and back are unusually commendable in advocating the reading of God’s Word. In the preface it reads, “the Prince of the Apostles, Peter.”
From the New Confraternity New Testament also “The Holy Bible”, see 1952-69.
1943 The Gospels and in 1945 The Acts and the Epistles, translated by Ervin Edward Stringfellow, using Westcott and Hort’s Greek text. It has annotations and “Harmony of the Gospels.”
1944 The New Testament Letters Prefaced and Paragraphed, by Dr. J. W. C. Wand (later Bishop). It has a High-Church and ritualistic Anglo-Catholic flavor. 1 Corinthians 15:2929Else what shall they do which are baptized for the dead, if the dead rise not at all? why are they then baptized for the dead? (1 Corinthians 15:29) reads “baptized as proxies on behalf of those candidates for baptism who have died before they could receive the sacrament!” The books are not in normal order and the verses scantily indicated.
Romans 16:25-2725Now to him that is of power to stablish you according to my gospel, and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery, which was kept secret since the world began, 26But now is made manifest, and by the scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the everlasting God, made known to all nations for the obedience of faith: 27To God only wise, be glory through Jesus Christ for ever. Amen. <<Written to the Romans from Corinthus, and sent by Phebe servant of the church at Cenchrea.>> (Romans 16:25‑27) and Galatians 4:2727For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the desolate hath many more children than she which hath an husband. (Galatians 4:27) he turns into poetry.
1944 The Interlinear Literal Translation of the Greek New Testament, with the A. V. by George Ricker Berry, is really “The Englishman’s Greek New Testament” but unacknowledged, plus a Greek English New Testament Lexicon, making a bulky volume. Also an Interlinear Translation of the Hebrew Genesis and Exodus, with the Authorized Version and the Revised Version in the margins has been published, but the balance of the Old Testament has been given up.
1945 The Berkeley Version of the New Testament in Modern English, by Gerrit Verkuyle (Presbyterian). In 1959 The Complete Bible. Under his direction the Old Testament was translated by others. His New Testament was based on Tischendorf’s and Nestle’s texts. His footnote explanations are of variable quality. He substitutes “live” or “living” for “walk” or “walking.”
Ephesians 4:2222That ye put off concerning the former conversation the old man, which is corrupt according to the deceitful lusts; (Ephesians 4:22): “rid yourself of the old nature.” Who can? It should read “your having put off... the old man,” past tense, on the cross (Rom. 8:3; 6:63For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh: (Romans 8:3)
6Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin. (Romans 6:6); Gal. 5:2424And they that are Christ's have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts. (Galatians 5:24); Col. 2:11; 3:3, 911In whom also ye are circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, in putting off the body of the sins of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ: (Colossians 2:11)
3For ye are dead, and your life is hid with Christ in God. (Colossians 3:3)
9Lie not one to another, seeing that ye have put off the old man with his deeds; (Colossians 3:9)).
Footnote Errors
1 Peter 2:1212Having your conversation honest among the Gentiles: that, whereas they speak against you as evildoers, they may by your good works, which they shall behold, glorify God in the day of visitation. (1 Peter 2:12): “When the Spirit influences the.” No, it is “The day of visitation” when God will expose and settle it all (Isa. 10:33And what will ye do in the day of visitation, and in the desolation which shall come from far? to whom will ye flee for help? and where will ye leave your glory? (Isaiah 10:3); Hos. 9:77The days of visitation are come, the days of recompence are come; Israel shall know it: the prophet is a fool, the spiritual man is mad, for the multitude of thine iniquity, and the great hatred. (Hosea 9:7); and eight times in Jeremiah).
1946 The Revised Standard Version New Testament, The Revised Standard Version Bible in 1952. 32 scholars worked on this translation, most of them being of the liberal school and tending towards Unitarian denial of Christ’s Deity. Harry M. Orlinsky, “Reform” Jewish scholar helped with the Old Testament.
Mark 16:9-209Now when Jesus was risen early the first day of the week, he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, out of whom he had cast seven devils. 10And she went and told them that had been with him, as they mourned and wept. 11And they, when they had heard that he was alive, and had been seen of her, believed not. 12After that he appeared in another form unto two of them, as they walked, and went into the country. 13And they went and told it unto the residue: neither believed they them. 14Afterward he appeared unto the eleven as they sat at meat, and upbraided them with their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they believed not them which had seen him after he was risen. 15And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature. 16He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned. 17And these signs shall follow them that believe; In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues; 18They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them; they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover. 19So then after the Lord had spoken unto them, he was received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God. 20And they went forth, and preached every where, the Lord working with them, and confirming the word with signs following. Amen. (Mark 16:9‑20) and John 7:53-8 are put in a questionable class, without solid justification.
1947 The New Testament in English: A New Translation, (from the Latin Clementine Vulgate), by Msgr. Ronald Arbuthnott Knox, a Catholic scholar. Much of his translation is commendable. But the prolific footnotes contain their usual errors.
Matthew 1:2020But while he thought on these things, behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost. (Matthew 1:20) note, “Our lady.” Mathew 12:41: “did penance.” John 13:1010Jesus saith to him, He that is washed needeth not save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit: and ye are clean, but not all. (John 13:10) note: “sacramental ablution.” Philippians 2:1212Wherefore, my beloved, as ye have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling. (Philippians 2:12): “You must work to earn your salvation in anxious fear.”
The Old Testament was published in a separate volume in 1949 and a revised edition of the Bible in 1956. In recording his death, “Time,” September 2, 1957, after telling of his writing six popular smoothly turned detective novels (murder mysteries) and being known for his wit, says, “The shock at Oxford was great when in 1939 he was assigned by his archbishop to make a new translation of the Bible.”
1948 The Synoptic New Testament, translated by Russell A. Peterson. It includes a “harmony of the Gospels.” He has also translations of Job and the Psalms in basic English.
1948 The Letchworth Version of the New Testament, by T. F. and R. E. Ford, of England. It avoids the obsolete expressions of the Authorized Version, and gives much literal corrected translation, while maintaining the A. V. style. It is divided into verses.
1948 The New Testament newly translated from the Latin Vulgate by Archbishop Bernard.
1950 The Sacred Name Testament by A. B. Traina. He insists it was written in Hebrew. He uses the A. V. but Hebrewizes all proper divine names El or Elohim for God, Eloah for Lord, Yahweh for Jehovah, Yahshua for Jesus, Messiah for Christ, Aba for Father, Miriam for Mary, etc., also “sheol” for “hades,” speaks of sheol as “the tomb.”
1950 The Simplified Version of the New Testament in Plain English by Charles Kingsley Williams. He makes use of Souter’s Greek text and limits his vocabulary to give simpler renderings to the English Revised Version in “common words” 1670 in number.
1950 The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures, by a “Watch Tower” committee of “Jehovah’s Witnesses” —Satan’s chief agents on earth to deny the deity of Christ and eternal punishment.
It claims the support of the Westcott and Hort Greek Text and “The Emphatic Diaglott.” In 1960 a five volume india paper edition included the entire Bible. One million of Volume 1 were printed. We quote, “You may survive Armageddon into God’s new world,” “the hope of everlasting life on a paradise earth.” The appendix teaches their false ideas of “Gehenna,” “sheol,” and much as to “souls” by wresting the Scriptures. John 1:11In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. (John 1:1): “the Word was a god.”
1951-56 The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ: The Authentic Version, by the Brotherhood Authentic Bible Society. Undertaken mostly by Hugh Joseph Schonfield, a Jewish scholar. He was the first Jew to translate the New Testament into English. He gives “envoy” for “apostle,” and “community” for “church.”
Mark 1:44John did baptize in the wilderness, and preach the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins. (Mark 1:4): “penitential immersion.” Mark 5:2929And straightway the fountain of her blood was dried up; and she felt in her body that she was healed of that plague. (Mark 5:29): “What are you bowling for?” John 3:16-2116For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. 17For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved. 18He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that believeth not is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God. 19And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. 20For every one that doeth evil hateth the light, neither cometh to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved. 21But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in God. (John 3:16‑21) is dropped to the place of footnotes.
He calls the Gospel of Mark “The Recollections of Peter.”
He rearranges the order of some of the portions in the Corinthian epistles, and his order of some of the books is questionable.
1952-69 The Holy Bible by Catholic Biblical Association of America. (21 editors and translators). The Old Testament volumes 1, 3 and 4 are available and Volume 2 is due. All resembles the Confraternity New Testament of 1941, and all are prefaced with “Prayer to the Holy Spirit” as well as “Indulgence of five years. Plenary indulgence if the prayer has been recited daily for a month.” It includes the apocrypha. It is dignified and scholarly with much corrected translation, yet showing modem leaning and Roman Catholic Introduction and footnotes. Psalm 2:1212Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and ye perish from the way, when his wrath is kindled but a little. Blessed are all they that put their trust in him. (Psalm 2:12): “kiss his feet.”
The New Confraternity New Testament is being translated from the Greek and might be compared to the New English Bible New Testament, yet more American.
1953 The New Testament, translated from Souter’s Text by George Albert Moore (Mimeographed) 250 copies.
1954 The New Testament, translated from the Greek text of Joseph M. Boyer, with explanatory notes: Part One, The Four Gospels by James A. Kleist, and Part Two, Acts of the Apostles, Epistles and Apocalypse by Joseph L. Lilly, Catholic scholars. Has 34 pages of Introduction in which he says that “tradition” regarded Paul as a “little baldheaded bowlegged Jew.”
1956 The Inspired Letters of the New Testament (Romans to Jude) by Frank C. Laubach. He paraphrased with a limited vocabulary of common words in short sentences.
1956-61 Expanded Translation of the New Testament by Kenneth S. Wuest (a former teacher of Greek at Moody). As he was unique in his field, he placed excessive stress on the exact force of the various Greek tenses and verbal forms.
1 Timothy preface: “not that women are forbidden to pray in the public assembly.” Page 86: “Timothy should leave the care of his church.”
1958 The Amplified New Testament; (1965 The Amplified Bible) edited by Mrs. Frances E. Siewert, (assisted by an advisory board). It presumptuously claims to “restore the true meaning to 10,000 obscure words”, whereas the vocabulary of the Greek New Testament contains only about 4,700 words, many of which are quite common. “Darkening counsel with words without knowledge” best describes it. Its superfluous synonyms, renderings and definitions are bewildering so that one needs to “separate the precious from the vile.”
“Messiah” is repeatedly added to “Christ” even in the epistles.
John 15:2-72Every branch in me that beareth not fruit he taketh away: and every branch that beareth fruit, he purgeth it, that it may bring forth more fruit. 3Now ye are clean through the word which I have spoken unto you. 4Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, except it abide in the vine; no more can ye, except ye abide in me. 5I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for without me ye can do nothing. 6If a man abide not in me, he is cast forth as a branch, and is withered; and men gather them, and cast them into the fire, and they are burned. 7If ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall ask what ye will, and it shall be done unto you. (John 15:2‑7): “that stops bearing,” “vital union,” “vitally unites,” are all wrong.
Philippians 3:1111If by any means I might attain unto the resurrection of the dead. (Philippians 3:11): “That if possible I may attain to the (spiritual and moral) resurrection,” “not the final, physical one.” Both refer to the final physical one.
1 Timothy 2:1515Notwithstanding she shall be saved in childbearing, if they continue in faith and charity and holiness with sobriety. (1 Timothy 2:15): “Nevertheless, the sentence put upon women (of pain in motherhood) does not hinder their (soul’s) salvation, and they will be saved (eternally) if they continue in faith and holiness, with self-control; (saved indeed through the child-bearing, that is, by the birth of the (divine) Child.” What a nonsense! The mother would be preserved.
1 Peter 3:11Likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands; that, if any obey not the word, they also may without the word be won by the conversation of the wives; (1 Peter 3:1): “reverence (for your husband. That is, you are to feel for him all that reverence includes) to respect, defer to, revere him, (revere means) to honor, esteem (appreciate, prize) and (in the human sense) adore him; (and adore means) to admire, praise, be devoted to, deeply love and enjoy (your husband).”
1958 The Epistles of Paul by James T. Hudson.
1958 The New Testament by James L. Tomanek.
1958 The Interlinear Greek-English New Testament, by Alfred Marshall, is based on Nestle’s Greek text, 21St edition. The literal translation s one of the most commendable ones among the many, and very useful for the careful student to compare with “The Englishman’s Greek New Testament” interlinear, as well as the J.N.D. translation with its most helpful footnotes. One should make allowance for some of the wrong conclusions which exist in the highly rated Nestle’s Greek text, as scholarship frequently errs.
John 7:53-8:1153And every man went unto his own house. 1Jesus went unto the mount of Olives. 2And early in the morning he came again into the temple, and all the people came unto him; and he sat down, and taught them. 3And the scribes and Pharisees brought unto him a woman taken in adultery; and when they had set her in the midst, 4They say unto him, Master, this woman was taken in adultery, in the very act. 5Now Moses in the law commanded us, that such should be stoned: but what sayest thou? 6This they said, tempting him, that they might have to accuse him. But Jesus stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground, as though he heard them not. 7So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself, and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her. 8And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground. 9And they which heard it, being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, beginning at the eldest, even unto the last: and Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst. 10When Jesus had lifted up himself, and saw none but the woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers? hath no man condemned thee? 11She said, No man, Lord. And Jesus said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and sin no more. (John 7:53‑8:11): he rightly retains, whereas Nestle’s text relegates it to a footnote.
1958 The New Testament in Modern English by John Bertram Phillips, Canon prebendary of Chichester Cathedral. This is a “best seller” Billy Graham has recommended it. Alas that in these last Laodicean days, so many go for these latest dished up paraphrases, seasoned with popular slang! What shocking reckless liberties! Passages concerning baptism and keeping the law, are not correctly rendered. But the most Christ-dishonoring false teaching is, that the Lord’s human nature was exactly like our own! This clever work is well described by its own rendering of 2 Corinthians 4:22But have renounced the hidden things of dishonesty, not walking in craftiness, nor handling the word of God deceitfully; but by manifestation of the truth commending ourselves to every man's conscience in the sight of God. (2 Corinthians 4:2): “We use no hocus-pocus, no clever tricks, no dishonest manipulation of the word of God.”
Footnotes: “A slip of the pen on the part of Paul.”
The first two chapters of Ephesians are marred beyond recognition!
“Your church,” seven times in 1 Corinthians; “your flock” in 1 Peter 5:22Feed the flock of God which is among you, taking the oversight thereof, not by constraint, but willingly; not for filthy lucre, but of a ready mind; (1 Peter 5:2); “organizers” in 1 Corinthians 12:2828And God hath set some in the church, first apostles, secondarily prophets, thirdly teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, governments, diversities of tongues. (1 Corinthians 12:28); “your ordination” in 1 Timothy 1:18, 5:22 and 2 Timothy 3:1616All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: (2 Timothy 3:16). “Making the Word of God of none effect through your tradition.”
1960-62 Children’s King James New Testament, followed by “Children’s Version of the Bible,” then an edition under the name of “The Teenage Version” by G. Green. It is the A. V. put in simple language.
1961 The New English Bible New Testament (The Old Testament including the apocrypha is due to appear). C. H. Dodd, the director of a corps of “outstanding scholars” has undertaken the translating. High churches and Oxford and Cambridge University Presses have cooperated. Here are some of its uncommon words: interlopers, recalcitrant, codical, cosmic, parricides, matricides, atrophid, assize, midge, scion, etc. It substitutes “God’s people” for saints, “colleague” for brother, “friends” or “members of the church” for brethren, “relief” for rest, “freed” for redeemed, “live” for walk, “the level of nature” for sinful flesh, “religion” for godly, “initiated” for unction, “remedy” for propitiation, etc. They use Jewish hours in John instead of Roman.
1961 Norlie’s New Testament in Plain English for Today’s Readers, by Olaf M. Norlie. Has paragraph headings. His blunders are too numerous.
Revelation 13:55And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months. (Revelation 13:5) heading: “The Work of the Antichrist,” where it has to do with the Roman Beast. Included are “The Psalms for today,” by Roland Kenneth Harrison, with 7 pages of Introduction, but silent as to the Holy Spirit’s purpose of providing the future godly remnant, in these Psalms, their deep exercises while waiting for their Deliverer.
1961 The New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, by Fan Stylian Noli, who uses the Eastern Byzantine Greek Text.
1962 The Modern King James Version of the Holy Bible, by Jay P. Green. Only the poetic books, including the Lamentations, are printed in double columns. Understandable words take the place of archaic. In the main, it is a conservative upright help to reading the venerable A.V., somewhat similar to Samuel Sharpe’s New Testament (1841) and Old Testament (1881). It is regrettable that a number of unwarrantable passages are retained, such as Luke 9:5656For the Son of man is not come to destroy men's lives, but to save them. And they went to another village. (Luke 9:56); Acts 8:3737And Philip said, If thou believest with all thine heart, thou mayest. And he answered and said, I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. (Acts 8:37); 1 John 5:77For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. (1 John 5:7), etc., also to see 1 John 3:44Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for sin is the transgression of the law. (1 John 3:4) “sin is the transgression of the law” instead of “sin is lawlessness.” Revelation 22:1414Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city. (Revelation 22:14), “Blessed are they that do His commandments,” instead of “who wash their robes.”
1962 The Clarified New Testament, by Emil G. Kraeling. It is a running commentary in paraphrase. E. G. K. was a teacher 24 years in the Union Theological Seminary where liberalism reigns—rank infidelity and blasphemy energized by Satan. 25 plus 22 pages of Introductions utilize information to undermine God’s Word— “drilling holes in the bottom of the boat.” It ever introduces involvements, uncertainties, “perhaps,” “possibly,” “may have,” “supposedly,” “supposedly dictated by the Holy Ghost,” “probably coined by tradition,” “a Jesus who was a good teacher, about whom legend has woven incredible tales.”
1962 A New Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Old Testament) according to the Masoretic Text by seven Jewish scholars—Dr. H. M. Orlinsky, editor-in-chief. It is modern scholarship.
1962 La Sainte Bible from “the Bible Missal” (Catholic).
1963 The New Testament in the Language of Today by Willam F. Beck (a paraphrase). Instead of “grace” he renders it “love.” It is a blundersome translation.
1 Corinthians 15:2929Else what shall they do which are baptized for the dead, if the dead rise not at all? why are they then baptized for the dead? (1 Corinthians 15:29) note, “The relative of a Christian who has died may wish to be baptized in order to see this Christian again in heaven. Or he may want to express the hope that a Christian friend who has died will rise.”
1963 The New American Standard New Testament was translated by about 15 evangelical scholars with the object of making well-acknowledged corrections, use current English and avail themselves of Nestle’s 23rd edition Greek Text, to revise the commendable American Standard Version of 1901. The Old Testament is under way. Here God’s Word is not made a plaything in the hands of clever paraphrasers.
1964 The Anchor Bible, in 38 volumes of notes and comments by various translators— “topnotch scholars” from Protestants, Catholics and Jews. William Foxwell Albright and David Noel Freedman are the editors.
1965 The Catholic Revised Standard Version New Testament. 1966, the Old Testament including the apocrypha. This is really the Revised Standard Version with only such changes as are preferred by the Catholics. The Introduction states: “a real step forward in the field of ecumenical relations,” also “considerations of Catholic traditions.” “The ideal of Christian Unity”... “the fulfillment of our Saviour’s words ‘that they may be one’ (John 17:2121That they all may be one; as thou, Father, art in me, and I in thee, that they also may be one in us: that the world may believe that thou hast sent me. (John 17:21))” Luke 1:2828And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favored, the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou among women. (Luke 1:28): “full of grace” instead of “O favored one”: 1 Corinthian 9:5 footnote: “Greek woman, sister” which is unjustifiable. Ephesians 4:22, 2422That ye put off concerning the former conversation the old man, which is corrupt according to the deceitful lusts; (Ephesians 4:22)
24And that ye put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness. (Ephesians 4:24) “Put off the old nature,” “Put on the new nature.”
1965 The Letters of Paul—an Expanded Paraphrase, by F. F. Bruce.
1966 German School Bible. (English Translation) by Fulda. It is a shortened Bible.
1966 The Jerusalem Bible based on the French “Bible” (originating from Jerusalem Dominicans). Chief editor, Father Alexander Jones. It has over 2,000 pages, 139 of introductions and 45 of supplements, besides extensive footnotes and paragraph headings. It contains the apocryphal books of Toba and Judith (between Nehemiah and Esther), 1st and 2nd Maccabees (between Esther and Job), The Book of Wisdom and Ecclesiasticus (between Song of Songs and Isaiah), The Book of Baruch (between Lamentations of Jeremiah and Ezekiel).
1966 The Concordant Literal New Testament.
1966 Good News for Modern Man (with modern line drawings) also called “Today’s English Version of the New Testament.” The basic text was translated by Dr. Robert Bratcher, American Bible Society). It is simple explanatory paraphrase, but often wild. 11,000,000 were sold in two years! Paper covers 35 cents. (Extra large print $1.25 May, 1969).
1967 The New Testament from 26 Translations. Curtis Vaughn was the general editor, plus 14 co-editors. It has 1237 pages. (The American Standard Version has less than 300). The Authorized Version in bold type is given first, phrase-by-phrase, followed by several other renderings—sometimes more than a dozen. Sometimes help is offered to the true meaning, but much is superfluous where the truth is evident or best expressed by one or two correct renderings. What advantage is it to add “exhort, urge, beg, entreat”? Why add renderings amiss to the true? About 150,000 sold by spring of 1968.
Romans 5:11Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ: (Romans 5:1): gives nothing but five wrong renderings exhorting us to “have peace” or to “enjoy peace” instead of the fact that we have peace.
1967 The New Scofield Reference Bible (1,600 pages) has been much revised in its Introductions, footnotes, margins and even renderings of the text. Like an abbreviated library of helps it will benefit many. On the other hand we fear the tendency of souls becoming paralyzed by having everything “cut and dried” so that it can discourage exercise of digging in prayerful dependence. See Acts 17:1111These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so. (Acts 17:11); 2 Corinthians 10:1616To preach the gospel in the regions beyond you, and not to boast in another man's line of things made ready to our hand. (2 Corinthians 10:16); Philippians 1:1010That ye may approve things that are excellent; that ye may be sincere and without offence till the day of Christ; (Philippians 1:10), J. N. D. Trans.; 1 Thessalonians 5:2121Prove all things; hold fast that which is good. (1 Thessalonians 5:21). Laodicean lethargy due to heartlessness for Christ is our present danger. Gathering alone to the name of the Lord Jesus Christ is not their teaching. All eight of the editorial staff are involved in clericalism and sectarianism a “go-to-the-church-of-your-choice” level. There is an absence of warning as to the ecumenical snare.
They have deleted the older edition’s faithful footnote at Numbers 16:11Now Korah, the son of Izhar, the son of Kohath, the son of Levi, and Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab, and On, the son of Peleth, sons of Reuben, took men: (Numbers 16:1): “the modern analogue is Nicolaitanism (Rev. 2:6,156But this thou hast, that thou hatest the deeds of the Nicolaitans, which I also hate. (Revelation 2:6)
15So hast thou also them that hold the doctrine of the Nicolaitans, which thing I hate. (Revelation 2:15)) the division of an equal brotherhood (Matt. 23:88But be not ye called Rabbi: for one is your Master, even Christ; and all ye are brethren. (Matthew 23:8)) into clergy and laity; a vastly different thing from the due recognition of ministry of gifts (1 Cor. 12:4-314Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit. 5And there are differences of administrations, but the same Lord. 6And there are diversities of operations, but it is the same God which worketh all in all. 7But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to every man to profit withal. 8For to one is given by the Spirit the word of wisdom; to another the word of knowledge by the same Spirit; 9To another faith by the same Spirit; to another the gifts of healing by the same Spirit; 10To another the working of miracles; to another prophecy; to another discerning of spirits; to another divers kinds of tongues; to another the interpretation of tongues: 11But all these worketh that one and the selfsame Spirit, dividing to every man severally as he will. 12For as the body is one, and hath many members, and all the members of that one body, being many, are one body: so also is Christ. 13For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free; and have been all made to drink into one Spirit. 14For the body is not one member, but many. 15If the foot shall say, Because I am not the hand, I am not of the body; is it therefore not of the body? 16And if the ear shall say, Because I am not the eye, I am not of the body; is it therefore not of the body? 17If the whole body were an eye, where were the hearing? If the whole were hearing, where were the smelling? 18But now hath God set the members every one of them in the body, as it hath pleased him. 19And if they were all one member, where were the body? 20But now are they many members, yet but one body. 21And the eye cannot say unto the hand, I have no need of thee: nor again the head to the feet, I have no need of you. 22Nay, much more those members of the body, which seem to be more feeble, are necessary: 23And those members of the body, which we think to be less honorable, upon these we bestow more abundant honor; and our uncomely parts have more abundant comeliness. 24For our comely parts have no need: but God hath tempered the body together, having given more abundant honor to that part which lacked: 25That there should be no schism in the body; but that the members should have the same care one for another. 26And whether one member suffer, all the members suffer with it; or one member be honored, all the members rejoice with it. 27Now ye are the body of Christ, and members in particular. 28And God hath set some in the church, first apostles, secondarily prophets, thirdly teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, governments, diversities of tongues. 29Are all apostles? are all prophets? are all teachers? are all workers of miracles? 30Have all the gifts of healing? do all speak with tongues? do all interpret? 31But covet earnestly the best gifts: and yet show I unto you a more excellent way. (1 Corinthians 12:4‑31); Eph. 4:12, 8-1112For the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ: (Ephesians 4:12)
8Wherefore he saith, When he ascended up on high, he led captivity captive, and gave gifts unto men. 9(Now that he ascended, what is it but that he also descended first into the lower parts of the earth? 10He that descended is the same also that ascended up far above all heavens, that he might fill all things.) 11And he gave some, apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and teachers; (Ephesians 4:8‑11)) or of elders and deacons (1 Tim. 3:1-131This is a true saying, If a man desire the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work. 2A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behavior, given to hospitality, apt to teach; 3Not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous; 4One that ruleth well his own house, having his children in subjection with all gravity; 5(For if a man know not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God?) 6Not a novice, lest being lifted up with pride he fall into the condemnation of the devil. 7Moreover he must have a good report of them which are without; lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil. 8Likewise must the deacons be grave, not doubletongued, not given to much wine, not greedy of filthy lucre; 9Holding the mystery of the faith in a pure conscience. 10And let these also first be proved; then let them use the office of a deacon, being found blameless. 11Even so must their wives be grave, not slanderers, sober, faithful in all things. 12Let the deacons be the husbands of one wife, ruling their children and their own houses well. 13For they that have used the office of a deacon well purchase to themselves a good degree, and great boldness in the faith which is in Christ Jesus. (1 Timothy 3:1‑13); Titus 1:5-95For this cause left I thee in Crete, that thou shouldest set in order the things that are wanting, and ordain elders in every city, as I had appointed thee: 6If any be blameless, the husband of one wife, having faithful children not accused of riot or unruly. 7For a bishop must be blameless, as the steward of God; not selfwilled, not soon angry, not given to wine, no striker, not given to filthy lucre; 8But a lover of hospitality, a lover of good men, sober, just, holy, temperate; 9Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers. (Titus 1:5‑9)).”
Space will not permit mentioning a great many blunders that exist in this edition. Genesis 1:55And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day. (Genesis 1:5) note is weak in allowing 24-hour days to be geological periods—such as suits modern, infidel rationism. (See Genesis 2:22And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made. (Genesis 2:2); Exodus 20:11; 31:1711For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it. (Exodus 20:11)
17It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed. (Exodus 31:17).) The geological ages fit into Genesis 1:22And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters. (Genesis 1:2); Isaiah 45:1818For thus saith the Lord that created the heavens; God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it, he created it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited: I am the Lord; and there is none else. (Isaiah 45:18); Jeremiah 4:2323I beheld the earth, and, lo, it was without form, and void; and the heavens, and they had no light. (Jeremiah 4:23).
Joshua 5:22At that time the Lord said unto Joshua, Make thee sharp knives, and circumcise again the children of Israel the second time. (Joshua 5:2) note: “Circumcision is putting to death the deeds of the body.” No, it is the once-for-all cutting off of our “old man” when Christ died in our stead (Col. 2:11; 3:911In whom also ye are circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, in putting off the body of the sins of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ: (Colossians 2:11)
9Lie not one to another, seeing that ye have put off the old man with his deeds; (Colossians 3:9); Rom. 6:66Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin. (Romans 6:6); and Eph. 4:2222That ye put off concerning the former conversation the old man, which is corrupt according to the deceitful lusts; (Ephesians 4:22), J. N. D. Trans.) always past tense. The old nature remains, so we ever need to give it no place, by reckoning ourselves dead to sin (Rom. 6:1111Likewise reckon ye also yourselves to be dead indeed unto sin, but alive unto God through Jesus Christ our Lord. (Romans 6:11)) and mortifying our members (Col. 3:55Mortify therefore your members which are upon the earth; fornication, uncleanness, inordinate affection, evil concupiscence, and covetousness, which is idolatry: (Colossians 3:5)). This error is repeated in Romans 6:66Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin. (Romans 6:6) note.
Ezekiel 28:1212Son of man, take up a lamentation upon the king of Tyrus, and say unto him, Thus saith the Lord God; Thou sealest up the sum, full of wisdom, and perfect in beauty. (Ezekiel 28:12) note: also states “The prince of Tyre foreshadows the beast (Dan. 7:88I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things. (Daniel 7:8)).” Now Daniel 7:88I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things. (Daniel 7:8) foreshadows the Roman beast, but here the Prince of Tyre foreshadows the antichrist. The King of Tyre foreshadows Satan. Lamentable confusion is found in many more of the footnotes which wrongly label the antichrist, the Roman beast and “the abomination of desolation.” Such is to be found in the following footnote references: Dan. 7:8; 11:36; 12:4, 128I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things. (Daniel 7:8)
36And the king shall do according to his will; and he shall exalt himself, and magnify himself above every god, and shall speak marvellous things against the God of gods, and shall prosper till the indignation be accomplished: for that that is determined shall be done. (Daniel 11:36)
4But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased. (Daniel 12:4)
12Blessed is he that waiteth, and cometh to the thousand three hundred and five and thirty days. (Daniel 12:12); Zech. 11:7, 157And I will feed the flock of slaughter, even you, O poor of the flock. And I took unto me two staves; the one I called Beauty, and the other I called Bands; and I fed the flock. (Zechariah 11:7)
15And the Lord said unto me, Take unto thee yet the instruments of a foolish shepherd. (Zechariah 11:15); Matt. 24:33And as he sat upon the mount of Olives, the disciples came unto him privately, saying, Tell us, when shall these things be? and what shall be the sign of thy coming, and of the end of the world? (Matthew 24:3); Rev. 18:2; 19:202And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird. (Revelation 18:2)
20And the beast was taken, and with him the false prophet that wrought miracles before him, with which he deceived them that had received the mark of the beast, and them that worshipped his image. These both were cast alive into a lake of fire burning with brimstone. (Revelation 19:20). It is the Roman beast in Isaiah 14:1212How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations! (Isaiah 14:12); Dan. 7:8; 9:278I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things. (Daniel 7:8)
27And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate. (Daniel 9:27); Rev. 13:1-10;17:3, 7, 8,16, 17, 11-13; 19:20; 20:101And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy. 2And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority. 3And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to death; and his deadly wound was healed: and all the world wondered after the beast. 4And they worshipped the dragon which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him? 5And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months. 6And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven. 7And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations. 8And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world. 9If any man have an ear, let him hear. 10He that leadeth into captivity shall go into captivity: he that killeth with the sword must be killed with the sword. Here is the patience and the faith of the saints. (Revelation 13:1‑10)
3So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet colored beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns. (Revelation 17:3)
7And the angel said unto me, Wherefore didst thou marvel? I will tell thee the mystery of the woman, and of the beast that carrieth her, which hath the seven heads and ten horns. 8The beast that thou sawest was, and is not; and shall ascend out of the bottomless pit, and go into perdition: and they that dwell on the earth shall wonder, whose names were not written in the book of life from the foundation of the world, when they behold the beast that was, and is not, and yet is. (Revelation 17:7‑8)
16And the ten horns which thou sawest upon the beast, these shall hate the whore, and shall make her desolate and naked, and shall eat her flesh, and burn her with fire. 17For God hath put in their hearts to fulfil his will, and to agree, and give their kingdom unto the beast, until the words of God shall be fulfilled. (Revelation 17:16‑17)
11And the beast that was, and is not, even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition. 12And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, which have received no kingdom as yet; but receive power as kings one hour with the beast. 13These have one mind, and shall give their power and strength unto the beast. (Revelation 17:11‑13)
20And the beast was taken, and with him the false prophet that wrought miracles before him, with which he deceived them that had received the mark of the beast, and them that worshipped his image. These both were cast alive into a lake of fire burning with brimstone. (Revelation 19:20)
10And the devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are, and shall be tormented day and night for ever and ever. (Revelation 20:10), but it is the antichrist in Dan. 11:3636And the king shall do according to his will; and he shall exalt himself, and magnify himself above every god, and shall speak marvellous things against the God of gods, and shall prosper till the indignation be accomplished: for that that is determined shall be done. (Daniel 11:36); Zech. 11:7, 157And I will feed the flock of slaughter, even you, O poor of the flock. And I took unto me two staves; the one I called Beauty, and the other I called Bands; and I fed the flock. (Zechariah 11:7)
15And the Lord said unto me, Take unto thee yet the instruments of a foolish shepherd. (Zechariah 11:15); John 5:4343I am come in my Father's name, and ye receive me not: if another shall come in his own name, him ye will receive. (John 5:43); 2 Thess. 2:44Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God. (2 Thessalonians 2:4); Rev. 13:11-15; 19:20; 20:1011And I beheld another beast coming up out of the earth; and he had two horns like a lamb, and he spake as a dragon. 12And he exerciseth all the power of the first beast before him, and causeth the earth and them which dwell therein to worship the first beast, whose deadly wound was healed. 13And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire come down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men, 14And deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles which he had power to do in the sight of the beast; saying to them that dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the beast, which had the wound by a sword, and did live. 15And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast, that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause that as many as would not worship the image of the beast should be killed. (Revelation 13:11‑15)
20And the beast was taken, and with him the false prophet that wrought miracles before him, with which he deceived them that had received the mark of the beast, and them that worshipped his image. These both were cast alive into a lake of fire burning with brimstone. (Revelation 19:20)
10And the devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are, and shall be tormented day and night for ever and ever. (Revelation 20:10). “The abomination of desolation” is the image of the beast.
Ezekiel 15:22Son of man, What is the vine tree more than any tree, or than a branch which is among the trees of the forest? (Ezekiel 15:2) note, also John 14:2626But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you. (John 14:26) note, and Revelation 22:1515For without are dogs, and sorcerers, and whoremongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whosoever loveth and maketh a lie. (Revelation 22:15) note appear the following: “the vine... in John 15... the living union between Himself and the believer”; “the members of the body... the vine and the branches (John 15:1-111I am the true vine, and my Father is the husbandman. 2Every branch in me that beareth not fruit he taketh away: and every branch that beareth fruit, he purgeth it, that it may bring forth more fruit. 3Now ye are clean through the word which I have spoken unto you. 4Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, except it abide in the vine; no more can ye, except ye abide in me. 5I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for without me ye can do nothing. 6If a man abide not in me, he is cast forth as a branch, and is withered; and men gather them, and cast them into the fire, and they are burned. 7If ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall ask what ye will, and it shall be done unto you. 8Herein is my Father glorified, that ye bear much fruit; so shall ye be my disciples. 9As the Father hath loved me, so have I loved you: continue ye in my love. 10If ye keep my commandments, ye shall abide in my love; even as I have kept my Father's commandments, and abide in his love. 11These things have I spoken unto you, that my joy might remain in you, and that your joy might be full. (John 15:1‑11)).” “Him and in the believer; Vine and branches... (John 15:1-51I am the true vine, and my Father is the husbandman. 2Every branch in me that beareth not fruit he taketh away: and every branch that beareth fruit, he purgeth it, that it may bring forth more fruit. 3Now ye are clean through the word which I have spoken unto you. 4Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, except it abide in the vine; no more can ye, except ye abide in me. 5I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for without me ye can do nothing. (John 15:1‑5)).” This confounds two, different things. The body has real believers only, whereas the vine has some like Judas that are cast into the fire (verse 6).
Daniel 12:22And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt. (Daniel 12:2) note: “This resurrection concerns Old Testament believers.” It is the regathering of Israel from the Gentiles, Ezekiel 37; Romans 11:1515For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead? (Romans 11:15); Psalm 71:2020Thou, which hast showed me great and sore troubles, shalt quicken me again, and shalt bring me up again from the depths of the earth. (Psalm 71:20); Hos. 6:1, 21Come, and let us return unto the Lord: for he hath torn, and he will heal us; he hath smitten, and he will bind us up. 2After two days will he revive us: in the third day he will raise us up, and we shall live in his sight. (Hosea 6:1‑2); Isa. 26:1919Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall they arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in dust: for thy dew is as the dew of herbs, and the earth shall cast out the dead. (Isaiah 26:19).)
Matthew 5:33Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. (Matthew 5:3) note: “the Mosaic law is ... for the redeemed of all ages.” “The Mosaic law... the governing code in the coming kingdom.”
Apart from the question of Christ’s law-keeping, He Himself is the fulfillment of “the law and the prophets.” It was in His being made a curse on the cross that He established the law and redeemed those believers who were under the curse.
Matthew 19:2828And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. (Matthew 19:28) note: and John 3:33Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. (John 3:3) note, “The word regeneration... meaning new birth...” In Titus 3:55Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; (Titus 3:5) it refers to the Christian new birth. “Regeneration” in Matthew 19:2828And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. (Matthew 19:28) refers to the new order of the millennial kingdom, and in Titus 3:55Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; (Titus 3:5) to the new creation order into which the new creatures in Christ have been translated (2 Cor. 5:1717Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature: old things are passed away; behold, all things are become new. (2 Corinthians 5:17); Col. 1:1313Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son: (Colossians 1:13)).
Romans 7:99For I was alive without the law once: but when the commandment came, sin revived, and I died. (Romans 7:9) note: “It is the experience of a redeemed man... as though he were under the law... not yet fully aware of the delivering power of the Holy Spirit.” It is rather a quickened Jew not having the Holy Spirit, struggling to keep the law—perhaps Paul looking back at what he had experienced prior to his own deliverance. Verse 15 note, “believer... believer.” Not so until he experienced the deliverance through Jesus Christ, verse 25.
1 Corinthians 9:2727But I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection: lest that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself should be a castaway. (1 Corinthians 9:27) note: “The apostle is writing of service, not of salvation.” He includes both with “I myself.” His life proved that he was not a counterfeit like Judas. Counterfeits never were genuine. (See 2 Cor. 13:5-75Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith; prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates? 6But I trust that ye shall know that we are not reprobates. 7Now I pray to God that ye do no evil; not that we should appear approved, but that ye should do that which is honest, though we be as reprobates. (2 Corinthians 13:5‑7); 2 Tim. 3:88Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these also resist the truth: men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the faith. (2 Timothy 3:8); Titus 1:1616They profess that they know God; but in works they deny him, being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate. (Titus 1:16); Jer. 6:3030Reprobate silver shall men call them, because the Lord hath rejected them. (Jeremiah 6:30)).
Hebrews: “Authorship unknown.” 2 Peter 3:15, 1615And account that the longsuffering of our Lord is salvation; even as our beloved brother Paul also according to the wisdom given unto him hath written unto you; 16As also in all his epistles, speaking in them of these things; in which are some things hard to be understood, which they that are unlearned and unstable wrest, as they do also the other scriptures, unto their own destruction. (2 Peter 3:15‑16) is strong evidence that Paul wrote 14 epistles. The Lord’s heavenly priestly position is as Romans 8:3434Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us. (Romans 8:34); 1 Timothy 2:55For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus; (1 Timothy 2:5). Much of modern scholarship is presumptuous, even though this much mooted question goes back to the so-called “Fathers.”
Hebrews 6:44For it is impossible for those who were once enlightened, and have tasted of the heavenly gift, and were made partakers of the Holy Ghost, (Hebrews 6:4) note: verses 4-6, “understood in various ways”... “To fall away is impossible” ... “Believers will lose their reward,” “believers... in danger of... losing their salvation.” What pitiful blindness and confusion!
The Revelation: Introduction, “Christ is presented as... Head of the Church.” He is presented as Judge.
1968 The Cotton Patch Version of Paul’s Epistles by Clarence L. Jordon. He omits Hebrews. This shameful production shows the unhallowed fruit of paraphrasing liberties. It is slang not fit to quote. Such will sell to the giddy throng.
1968 Gospels, Acts, Romans and Corinthians, so far. By William Barclay. It is appearing in “The Daily Bible Series.”
Undated (before 1965) The Clarified New Testament by Principal P. G. Parker of Lynton Bible School, Devon, England. It is “Translation, Paraphrase, Interpretation and Commentary.” Paragraph headings give the verses which follow. The principal needed to be taught.