(Chapters 22:17—24:34)
The Words of the Wise
At this point in the book there is another marked change in the style of the proverbs. The one-verse maxims that have been before us in chapters 10 to 22:16 cease, and the style returns to a series of verses that communicate one thought.
This section is called “the words [sayings] of the wise” because they are not Solomon’s proverbs, but proverbs that he collected from other wise men. This shows that Solomon was not only a wise man; he was also a student of wisdom who gathered thoughts from other sources.
This section has three parts to it. There is an introduction (Chap. 22:17-21); then a collection of “thirty sayings” (Chaps. 22:22–24:22), and an appendix consisting of four additional wise sayings (Chap. 24:23-34).
The Introduction
The introduction to this division of the book (which may have been composed by Solomon) states the advantages of hearing and applying “the words of the wise.”
It is pleasing to keep them in our heart. There is a joy of learning and walking in the truth (vss. 17-18a).
We will be able to encourage others. It will be fitted to our lips so that we can share it with others (vs. 18b).
Our trust (confidence) in the Lord will grow (vs. 19).
“Thirty Sayings”
Verse 20 could be translated, “Have not I written to you thirty sayings of admonition and knowledge.” What follows from chapter 22:22 to chapter 24:22 are “thirty” distinct sayings that Solomon collected from other wise men. Some translations mark them with a separate paragraph. With the exception of a few, the sayings are warnings or admonitions that include a reason as to why one should do what is enjoined in the saying. The word “not” is used in almost every one of them, i.e. “Rob not” (vs. 22), “Go not” (vs. 24), “Be not” (vs. 26), etc. (Apparently this is seen more distinctly in the original Hebrew language.)