Articles on

1 Samuel 22

1 S. 22:2 KJV (With Strong’s)

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Andq every one
'iysh (Hebrew #376)
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
KJV usage: also, another, any (man), a certain, + champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people, person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare 802.
Pronounce: eesh
Origin: contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant)
that was in distress
matsowq (Hebrew #4689)
a narrow place, i.e. (abstractly and figuratively) confinement or disability
KJV usage: anguish, distress, straitness.
Pronounce: maw-tsoke'
Origin: from 6693
, and every one
'iysh (Hebrew #376)
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
KJV usage: also, another, any (man), a certain, + champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people, person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare 802.
Pronounce: eesh
Origin: contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant)
that κwas in debt
nasha' (Hebrew #5378)
to lend on interest; by implication, to dun for debt
KJV usage: X debt, exact, giver of usury.
Pronounce: naw-shaw'
Origin: a primitive root (perhaps identical with 5377, through the idea of imposition)
, and every one
'iysh (Hebrew #376)
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
KJV usage: also, another, any (man), a certain, + champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people, person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare 802.
Pronounce: eesh
Origin: contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant)
that was λdiscontented
nephesh (Hebrew #5315)
properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)
KJV usage: any, appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, X dead(-ly), desire, X (dis-)contented, X fish, ghost, + greedy, he, heart(-y), (hath, X jeopardy of) life (X in jeopardy), lust, man, me, mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-, thy-)self, them (your)-selves, + slay, soul, + tablet, they, thing, (X she) will, X would have it.
Pronounce: neh'-fesh
Origin: from 5314
mar (Hebrew #4751)
from 4843; bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly
KJV usage: + angry, bitter(-ly, -ness), chafed, discontented, X great, heavy.
Pronounce: mar
Origin: or (feminine) marah {maw-raw'}
, gathered
qabats (Hebrew #6908)
to grasp, i.e. collect
KJV usage: assemble (selves), gather (bring) (together, selves together, up), heap, resort, X surely, take up.
Pronounce: kaw-bats'
Origin: a primitive root
themselves unto him; and he became a captain
sar (Hebrew #8269)
a head person (of any rank or class)
KJV usage: captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord, ((-task- ))master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.
Pronounce: sar
Origin: from 8323
s over them: and there were with him about four
'arba` (Hebrew #702)
from 7251; four
KJV usage: four.
Pronounce: ar-bah'
Origin: masculine oarbaah {ar-baw-aw'}
hundred
me'ah (Hebrew #3967)
properly, a primitive numeral; a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
KJV usage: hundred((-fold), -th), + sixscore.
Pronounce: may-aw'
Origin: or metyah {may-yaw'}
men
'iysh (Hebrew #376)
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
KJV usage: also, another, any (man), a certain, + champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people, person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare 802.
Pronounce: eesh
Origin: contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant)
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Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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distress.
was in debt.
Heb. had a creditor.
discontented.
Heb. bitter of soul.
a captain.
1 S. 9:16• 16Mañana á esta misma hora yo enviaré á ti un varón de la tierra de Benjamín, al cual ungirás por príncipe sobre mi pueblo Israel, y salvará mi pueblo de mano de los Filisteos: pues yo he mirado á mi pueblo, porque su clamor ha llegado hasta mí. (1 S. 9:16)
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1 S. 25:15‑16• 15Mas aquellos hombres nos han sido muy buenos, y nunca nos han hecho fuerza, ni ninguna cosa nos ha faltado en todo el tiempo que hemos conversado con ellos, mientras hemos estado en el campo.
16Hannos sido por muro de día y de noche, todos los días que hemos estado con ellos apacentando las ovejas.
(1 S. 25:15‑16)
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1 S. 30:22‑24• 22Entonces todos los malos y perversos de entre los que habían ido con David, respondieron y dijeron: Pues que no fueron con nosotros, no les daremos de la presa que hemos quitado, sino á cada uno su mujer y sus hijos; los cuales tomen y se vayan.
23Y David dijo: No hagáis eso, hermanos míos, de lo que nos ha dado Jehová; el cual nos ha guardado, y ha entregado en nuestras manos la caterva que vino sobre nosotros.
24¿Y quién os escuchará en este caso? porque igual parte ha de ser la de los que vienen á la batalla, y la de los que quedan con el bagaje: que partan juntamente.
(1 S. 30:22‑24)
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2 S. 5:2• 2Y aun ayer y antes, cuando Saúl reinaba sobre nosotros, tú sacabas y volvías á Israel. Además Jehová te ha dicho: Tú apacentarás á mi pueblo Israel, y tú serás sobre Israel príncipe. (2 S. 5:2)
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2 R. 20:5• 5Vuelve, y di á Ezechîas, príncipe de mi pueblo: Así dice Jehová, el Dios de David tu padre: Yo he oído tu oración, y he visto tus lágrimas: he aquí yo te sano; al tercer día subirás á la casa de Jehová. (2 R. 20:5)
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1 Cr. 11:15‑19• 15Y tres de los treinta principales descendieron á la peña á David, á la cueva de Adullam, estando el campo de los Filisteos en el valle de Raphaim.
16Y David estaba entonces en la fortaleza, y había á la sazón guarnición de Filisteos en Beth-lehem.
17David deseó entonces, y dijo: Quién me diera á beber de las aguas del pozo de Beth-lehem, que está á la puerta!
18Y aquellos tres rompieron por el campo de los Filisteos, y sacaron agua del pozo de Beth-lehem, que está á la puerta, y tomaron y trajéronla á David: mas él no la quiso beber, sino que la derramó á Jehová, y dijo:
19Guárdeme mi Dios de hacer esto: ¿había yo de beber la sangre de estos varones con sus vidas, que con peligro de sus vidas la han traído? Y no la quiso beber. Esto hicieron aquellos tres valientes.
(1 Cr. 11:15‑19)
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Sal. 72:12‑14• 12Porque él librará al menesteroso que clamare, Y al afligido que no tuviere quien le socorra.
13Tendrá misericordia del pobre y del menesteroso, Y salvará las almas de los pobres.
14De engaño y de violencia redimirá sus almas: Y la sangre de ellos será preciosa en sus ojos.
(Sal. 72:12‑14)
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Mt. 9:12‑13• 12Y oyéndolo Jesús, le dijo: Los que están sanos no tienen necesidad de médico, sino los enfermos.
13Andad pues, y aprended qué cosa es: Misericordia quiero, y no sacrificio: porque no he venido á llamar justos, sino pecadores á arrepentimiento.
(Mt. 9:12‑13)
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He. 2:10• 10Porque convenía que aquel por cuya causa son todas las cosas, y por el cual todas las cosas subsisten, habiendo de llevar á la gloria á muchos hijos, hiciese consumado por aflicciones al autor de la salud de ellos. (He. 2:10)
 Could David ever regret being found at such an extremity, abandoned by all, since there it was it that his soul knew and appreciated the sovereign refuge that is found in God? Thus the psalm {142} ends with the assurance that filled his soul, for his time of solitude and of being forsaken would come to an end. “The righteous,” he says, “shall surround me” (Psa. 142:7). (1 Samuel 22 by H.L. Rossier)
 Their common characteristic was that they had lost everything. (1 Samuel 22 by H.L. Rossier)
 David is able to create, to form, the most wretched beings in his own image. The reflection of his moral beauty falls on those who have nothing to bring him but their misery. In the dark cave of Adullam the light shining forth from David shines on these four hundred men who surround him, and that which grace made of them in the day of tribulation will be recognized by all eyes, acclaimed by every mouth in the day of glory which is already approaching. All these outlaws will surround the king’s throne and will be called “David’s mighty men” (2 Sam. 23:8). (1 Samuel 22 by H.L. Rossier)

J. N. Darby Translation

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And every one in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one of embittered spiritb collected round him; and he became a captain over them; and there were with him about four hundred men.

JND Translation Notes

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b
Or "discontented," or "sorrowful." so ch. 30.6.